3.1 Vocab and 3.2

Term Definition
MATTER Everything that has mass and takes up space.
ELEMENT Substance made of only 1 kind of atom.
METALS Good conductors of electricity and heat. Can bend without breaking. Most have a gray color.
NONMETALS Do not conduct heat / electricity very well. May
be a gas or a solid.
SEMI-METALS Sometimes like metals and sometimes like
nonmetals.
ATOM The basic building block of matter. Can’t be any
smaller.
ATOMIC THEORY States that everything is made of atoms.
COMPOUND A type of matter made of two or more elements.
MOLECULE Smallest particle of a compound that still acts
like that compound.
PROTON Positive charge. Found in the nucleus.
NEUTRON No charge. Found in the nucleus.
ELECTRON Negative charge. Orbits the nucleus.
SOLID Has a definite volume or shape. Particles are very close together,
and don’t move past each other. Keeps its shape.
LIQUID Has a definite volume but not shape. Particles can move past each
other. Takes shape of container.
GAS No definite volume or shape. Particles spread out evenly and take
shape of container. Can be squeezed into a smaller volume.
PLASMA Like a gas, but conducts electricity like a metal. Occurs with high
temps or electric charge.
MELTING POINT Solid to liquid or liquid to solid. Same temperature as freezing point.
EVAPORATION When liquids become a gas.
CONDENSATION When gas becomes a liquid. Gas particles touch a cold surface and
the temperature drops.
BOILING POINT The temperature at which evaporation occurs.
MIXTURE Two or substances that mix together but each keeps its own identity.
SOLUTION A mixture where substance spreads out evenly and will not settle.
SOLUTE The substance being dissolved.
SOLVENT What the substance is dissolved in.
SOLUBILITY A way to measure how much a material dissolves into another.
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