Mycobacterias are aerophilic and slender, curved rod molded species. Since they are aerophilic they like to populate in countries where O degrees are high ; such as, apical or upper portion of the lungs. Therefore, a lessening in O concentration can be unsafe for these beings. On the other manus, Mycoplasma is a bacterial genus that has more than 100 species. It was first described in the late 1800s and members of this genus are really bantam. Even though most of the species of this genus are harmless, there are some that appear to be deadly and therefore are responsible for “ specific median conditions in worlds ” ( 1 ) .
Mycobacteria cell wall is composed of waxes and mycolic acids, which makes them resistant to Gram staining ; nevertheless, they can be stained acid-fast. Whereas, Mycoplasmas are gram negative bacteriums and one interesting feature of these bacteriums is that they do n’t hold a cell wall ; which gives them an elastic form that can change easy ( 1 ) . The unusual cell wall of Mycobacterium and the absence of cell wall in Mycoplasmas make them invulnerable to many drugs. Plus, both, Mycobacterium and Mycoplasma, turn really slow, this besides accounts for the long clip to do discernible settlements on laboratory media.
Both Mycobacterium TB and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are infective bacterial species that causes respiratory tract disease. The disease that Mycobacterium TB cause is called TB and Mycoplasma pneumoniae are responsible for doing mild upper respiratory tract infection known as untypical pneumonia. Mycobacterium TB was foremost discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch and it belongs to the genus Mycobacterium ; whereas, Mycoplasma pneumoniae belong to genus Mycoplasma. Atypical pneumonia symptoms are different from typical pneumonia. In add-on, sometimes patients do n’t even hold any symptoms related to the respiratory piece of land. Frequently, patients remain ambulatory, hence this status is besides sometimes called walking pneumonia.
Tuberculosis ( TB ) is spread from individual to individual via air. If a individual, who has Terbium, coughs, sneezings, or speaks, he can set M. TB into the air. If nearby people breathe in these bacteriums they can go septic. On the other manus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae is besides transmitted from one individual to another through close personal contact by respiratory droplets. Symptoms, such as febrility, thorax hurting and cough, can be seen after the being is in the host ‘s system for 12 to 14 yearss. Common features of walking pneumonia are that the size of air sac is decreased due to inward puffiness of the alveolar walls and air sacs do n’t make full with fluid.
Whereas a typical pathogenesis for TB is that one time the bacteriums are inhaled, they start spliting at a really slow gait inside the cells ( white blood cells ) that have phagocytized them. They so educe a host response such as infiltration of neutrophil and accretion of fluid in the air sac of the lung. The neutrophils are ruptured and destroyed by the beings. Then, macrophages and lymphocytes come to the air sac and phagocytize life tubercle B. These beings once more divide within the new host cell and destruct it ; as the scavenger cells rupture they release morbific beings. This procedure goes on until adequate cells have been ruptured and an acute inflammatory response has occurred. If lesions are non healed, they can ensue in tissue mortification or harden to go chronic granulomas, besides known as tubercles. These tubercles may incorporate unrecorded tubercle B or macrophages, and lung tissues and map in these countries are for good destroyed. Besides, some tubercle B can besides come in lymphatic and circulative system. They spread through the organic structure and signifier legion lesions ; this status is called military TB
Tuberculosis and walking pneumonia can be diagnosed in a clinical sample such as phlegm ; nevertheless, since the bacteriums turn really easy sputum culturing procedure can take hebdomads before it is declared negative. Other options for diagnosing of TB are X-rays or skin trial and for walking pneumonia other serologic trials are ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence, etc. But normally intervention is given based on clinical symptoms.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae do n’t possess a cell wall which consequences in osmotic instability, so they utilize steroid alcohol in their membrane for structural support. However, endurance without a cell wall is non a job for these beings, because they live in an animate being ( human ) host, which is osmotically stable ( 2 ) . M. pneumoniae are invulnerable to B-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, because they disturb the cell wall and these micro-organisms do n’t hold a cell wall ( 2 ) . So drugs, such as azithromycine or fluroquinolone, are used to contend these micro-organisms. On the other manus, Mycobacteria unusual cell wall hinders the entree of drugs and makes many antibiotics uneffective. However, drugs such as INH and rifampicin can be given to the patients for at least one twelvemonth. In add-on, B of Calmette and Guerin ( BCG ) vaccinum is world-widely used to forestall TB, but there is no vaccinum presently available for walking pneumonia. Therefore to forestall untypical pneumonia close contact with septic people is avoided.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the smallest bacterial pathogen from the genus Mycoplasma. This micro-organism is responsible for doing mild upper respiratory tract infection known as untypical pneumonia. This type of pneumonia has symptoms that are different from the typical pneumonia. In add-on, sometimes patients do n’t even hold any symptoms related to the respiratory piece of land. Frequently, patients remain ambulatory, hence this status is besides sometimes called walking pneumonia.
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is transmitted from one individual to another via respiratory droplets. Symptoms, such as febrility, thorax hurting and cough, can be seen after the being is in the host ‘s system for 12 to 14 yearss. Common features of walking pneumonia are that the size of air sac is decreased due to inward puffiness of the alveolar walls and air sacs do n’t make full with fluid. Atypical pneumonia is diagnosed “ by insulating M. pneumoniae from phlegm or from a nasopharyngeal swab ” ; nevertheless, since these bacteriums grow really easy this procedure can take up to 3 hebdomads. There are other serologic trials such as ELISA, indirect immunofluorescence, etc. , but normally intervention is given based on clinical symptoms.
These micro-organisms do n’t possess a cell wall which consequences in osmotic instability, so they utilize steroid alcohol in their membrane for structural support. However, endurance without a cell wall is non a job for these beings, because they live in an animate being ( human ) host, which is osmotically stable ( 2 ) . M. pneumoniae are invulnerable to B-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillin, because they disturb the cell wall and these micro-organisms do n’t hold a cell wall ( 2 ) . So drugs, such as azithromycine or fluroquinolone, are used to contend these micro-organisms. Plus, presently there is no vaccinum available, therefore to forestall untypical pneumonia avoid close contact with septic people.
“ What is Mycoplasma? ” WiseGEEK: clear replies for common inquiries. Web. 16 Feb. 2010. & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wisegeek.com/what-is-mycoplasma.htm & gt ; .
A ” M. pneumoniae. ” Index of / . Web. 17 Feb. 2010. & lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //s99.middlebury.edu/BI330A/projects/Howard/Mpneumoniae.html & gt ; .
