The piece of probe was carried out to analyze the land H2O every bit good as surface H2O quality, alimentary position and physico-chemical feature of Bargarh territory of Orissa, India. The survey country is situated between 21o 36 ” E longitude and 176.362 meitneriums above sea degree and 59km to west of Sambalpur territory. The present work has been conducted by supervising two types of land H2O i.e. dug good H2O and bore good H2O of 10 wards of the town every bit good as 3 types of pools, viz. temple pool, little community pool & A ; big community pool of the town. Attempts were made to analyze and analyse the physico-chemical features of the H2O. Assorted parametric quantities like Temperature, pH, Total suspended solids, and Total dissolved solids, Alkalinity, Dissolved O, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Nitrate, Chloride, Sodium, Potassium, Phosphate, Fluoride, Total Coli signifiers ( Pond H2O ) etc. give a image of quality parametric quantity in both dug good and bore good H2O every bit good as pool H2O of the town.
By detecting the consequence it can be concluded that the parametric quantities which were taken for survey the H2O quality are below the pollution degree for land H2O which satisfy the demand for the usage of assorted intents like domestic, agricultural, industrial etc. But incase of surface H2O, the H2O quality of little community pool are above the allowable bound.
Cardinal words: Land H2O, Surface H2O, physicochemical features.
1. Introduction
Much of the current concern with respects to environmental quality is focused on H2O because of its importance in keeping the human wellness and wellness of the ecosystem. Fresh H2O is finite resource, indispensable for agribusiness, industry and even human being, without fresh H2O of equal measure and quality, sustainable development will non be possible1. There is an extended literature, which stresses impairment of H2O quality2,3,4,5.The add-on of assorted sorts of pollutants and foods through the bureau sewerage, industrial wastewaters, agricultural run off etc. in to the H2O organic structures brings about a series of alterations in the physicochemical and features of H2O, which have been the topic of several investigations6,7,8,9,10. Fresh H2O resource is going daily at the faster rate of impairment of the H2O quality is now a planetary problem11. Discharge of toxic chemicals, over pumping of aquifer and taint of H2O organic structures with substance that promote algae growing are some of the today ‘s major cause for H2O quality debasement. Direct taint of surface H2O with metals in discharges from excavation, smelting and industrial fabrication, is a long-standing phenomenon. Today there is trace taint non merely of surface H2O but besides of groundwater organic structures, which are susceptible to leaching from waste mopess, mine shadowings and industrial production sites12.Organic manure, municipal waste and some antifungals frequently contain reasonably high concentration of heavy metals. Soils having repeated applications of organic manures, antifungals and pesticides have exhibited high concentration of extractible heavy metals and that thereby increase their concentration in overflow ( Moore et al. , 1998 ) , while falling as rain, H2O choices up little sums of gases, ions, dust and particulate affair from the atmosphere12,13.These added substances may be randomly classified as biological, chemical ( both organic and inorganic ) , physical and radiological drosss. They include industrial and commercial dissolvers, metal and acid salts, deposits, pesticides, weedkillers, works foods, radioactive stuffs, disintegrating animate being and vegetable affair and populating micro-organisms, such as algae, bacteriums and viruses14. These drosss may give H2O a bad gustatory sensation, colour, olfactory property or turbidness and cause hardness, corrosiveness, staining or frothing15. Water quality reflects the composing of H2O as affected by natural cause and adult male ‘s cultural activities expressed in footings of mensurable measures and related to intended H2O use1. The composing of surface and groundwater is dependent on natural factors ( geological, topographical, meteoric, hydrological and biological ) in the drainage basin and varies with seasonal difference in overflow volumes, conditions conditions and H2O levels16. Groundwater is an progressively of import resource all over the universe. The term groundwater is normally reserved for the subsurface H2O that occurs beneath the H2O tabular array in dirts and geologic formation that are to the full saturated17. It supports imbibing H2O supply ; livestock demands irrigation, industrial and many commercial activities18. Groundwater is by and large less susceptible to taint and pollution when compared to come up H2O bodies19. Besides the natural drosss in rainwater, which replenishes groundwater systems, get removed while infiltrating through dirt strata18. But, in India, where groundwater is used intensively for irrigation and industrial intents, a assortment of land and H2O based human activities are doing pollution of this cherished resource20. Importantly, groundwater can besides be contaminated by of course happening beginnings. Soil and geologic formation incorporating high degrees of heavy metals can leach those metals into groundwater. This can be aggravated by over-pumping Wellss, peculiarly for agriculture14. Pollution caused by fertilisers and pesticides used in Agriculture, frequently dispersed over big countries, is a great menace to fresh groundwater ecosystems. Pollution of groundwater due to industrial wastewaters and municipal waste in H2O organic structures is another major concern in many metropoliss and industrial bunchs in India. Groundwater is really hard to rectify, except in little defined countries and therefore the accent has to be on bar. Lakes and pools in Orissa, have provided support to 1000000s of people over the century. Orissa has approximately 1.2 hundred thousands hectare of wet land consisting pools, armored combat vehicles and swamps. Owing to the human activities, the pools have become dumping land of domestic wastes and other safety of the society21. So, the cognition of extent of pollution and the position of H2O become indispensable in order to continue the valuable beginnings of H2O for future coevals.
The chief aim of this work has to analyse assorted physico-chemical parametric quantities of the surface and land H2O of Bargarh territory, Orissa.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Geographic location of Experimental Site:
Bargarh town is situated between 21 36 E longitude and 176.362mts above sea degree. It is situated on the left bank of Jira River. The town is on the National Highway No.6 and 37 stat mis ( 59 kilometer ) to west of Sambalpur territory. It is besides served by the South Eastern Railway. The population of Bargarh town is about 80,000 and there is drifting population of another 25,000 people every twenty-four hours because it is a trading town. It gets around 1527 millimeter rainfall a twelvemonth. There is a large cement mill ( ACC cement Ltd. ) at khaliapali small town which is 3km off from the Bargarh town.
The present piece of probe is concerned with the limnological surveies of 3 community pools every bit good as dug Wellss and dullard Wellss of 10 wards of Bargarh town of Western Orissa, India. In Bargarh town there are around 25 pools. Much information is non available on the H2O quality, pollution burden and biotic community construction of these pools. So maintaining all these facts in head 3 pools were choosen for elaborate survey.
Temple pool ( TP ) locally known as Manabandha with less human activities. Another little community pool ( SCP ) with diverse human activities like rinsing, bathing, desertion on the bank etc. with integral Bankss. The 3rd pool is a big community pool ( LCP ) which does non hold bank on all sides. This pool receives municipal waste on the one side of its bank through unfastened drains, peculiarly during rainy season. This pool is besides used for assorted intents as mentioned under little community pool ( SCP ) .
The pool temple is a square country pool with 32,400 sq. meitnerium. in country.
The other survey pool is a little community pool locally known as Dorabandha. It is a rectangular type of pool holding country 21,000 sq.mt
The 3rd survey pool is a big perennial community pool locally known as Khajuriketabandha holding country 25,000 sq. meitnerium.
The country experiences a seasonal tropical clime with a really non dry summer followed by good distributed rain southeast monsoon. The clime can be loosely divided into three distinguishable seasons i.e. summer, rainy, and winter. The summer extends from March to May, the rainy season from June to mid September and the winter from mid September to February.
Physicochemical Analysis:
The temperatures of the samples were noted at the trying point itself. The samples were put to scrutiny in the research lab to find some physical, chemical and biological parametric quantities. Analysis was carried out for assorted H2O quality parametric quantities such as pH, TDS, TSS, Total alkalinity, DO, COD, Nitrate ( NO2 ) , Phosphate, Chloride, Sodium, Potassium, Fluoride utilizing standard method. The reagents used for the analysis were AR class and dual distilled H2O was used for readying of solutions. Presumptive trial utilizing lactose stock was performed for H2O samples to observe the presence of bacteriums.
RESULTS & A ; DISCUSSION:
The fluctuation in physico-chemical features of the dug good H2O, and bore good H2O of 10 wards and three pools have been summarized in the tabular arraies 1, 2, and 3. The reading of information has been made with the aid of statistical tools.
Temperature:
The temperature of dug good ranged from a lower limit of 26.02 A± 0.330C to a upper limit of 28.48 A± 0.050C in ward no. 6 and ward no. 7 severally ( Table-1 ) . Similarly the fluctuation in temperature of dullard well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 26.42 A± 0.020C to a upper limit of 28.42 A± 0.03 in ward no. 9 and ward no. 3 severally ( Table-2 ) . In instance of pool H2O, the temperature of temple pool ( TP ) is highest i.e. 28.170C and temperature of big community pool ( LCP ) is 26.90C ( Table-3 ) .
During the present probe, there was no great difference between the temperature of the dug good and bore good H2O, which can be explained on the footing of deepness of H2O. In instance of pool H2O, the difference between air and H2O temperature of temple pool ( TP ) is relatively more than little community pool ( SCP ) and big community pool ( LCP ) . This may be because of macrophytic growing in TP that act as cover barrier between air and H2O. ( Wisenberg Lundi, 1943 )
pH:
The pH of dug good H2O ranged from a lower limit of 6.72A±0.68 to a upper limit of 7.55 A± 0.50 of ward no.10 and ward no. 7 severally ( Table-1 ) . Similarly the fluctuation of pH of dullard well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 6.16 A± 0.15 to a upper limit of 7.03 A± 0.32 of ward no. 7 and ward no. 4 severally ( Table-2 ) . In instance of pool H2O, pH values of all the three pools were found to be high. The maximal value was 9.45 of LCP and the minimal value was 8.2 of TP ( Table-3 ) .
During the present probe a form of pH alteration was noticed. In both dug good and bore good the maximal value of pH, which indicates the alkalic nature of H2O might be due to high temperature that reduces the solubility of CO2. In all the pools, pH is ever alkalic. The photosynthetic activity of dense phytoplankton in SCP and LCP is the cause of higher pH value in SCP and LCP than TP.
Sum Suspended Solids ( TSS ) :
The sum suspended solids of dug good H2O varied from a lower limit of 41.95 A± 1.13 mg/lit to a upper limit of 82.05 A± 0.53mg/lit of ward no. 9 and ward no.1 severally ( Table-1 ) . Similarly the fluctuation of entire suspended solids of bore good H2O varied from a lower limit of 31.39 A± 0.30 mg/lit and 61.36 A± 1.35 mg/lit of ward no. 3 and ward no. 8 severally ( Table-2 ) . The sum suspended solids in SCP was maximal i.e. 1162 mg/lit and lower limit was 284 mg/lit in TP ( Table-3 ) .
Water high in suspended solid may be aesthetically unsatisfactory for bathing22. The sum suspended solids are composed of carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, chlorides, phosphates and nitrates of Ca, Mg, Na, K, manganese, organic affair, salt and other atoms. The consequence of presence of entire suspended solids is the turbidness due to silt and organic affair. In dug good, the minimal value was recorded in ward no. 10 and maximal value in ward no. 9. In bore good, the minimal value was recorded in ward no. 3. The maximal figure is ward no 8 might be due to the presence of several suspended atoms. The higher sum of entire solids in SCP in comparing to TP and LCP was possibly due to run off from many bathing ghats, municipality solid refuse shit and other wastages. The higher concentration of entire suspended solid in SCP is an index that it is more contaminated.
Entire Dissolved Solid ( TDS ) :
The entire dissolved solids of dug good H2O ranged from a lower limit of 100.91 A± 12.14 mg/lit to a upper limit of 120.78 A± 0.40 mg/lit of ward no. 10 and ward no. 2 severally ( Table-1 ) . Similarly the fluctuation of entire dissolved solids of bore well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 88.21 A± 0.72 mg/lit to a upper limit of 111.34 A± 2.05 mg/lit of ward no. 8 and ward no. 5 severally ( Table-2 ) . The dissolved solid of SCP was maximal i.e. 1132 mg/lit and the dissolved solid of TP was minimal i.e. 323 mg/lit ( Table-3 ) .
In H2O, entire dissolved solids are composed chiefly of carbonates, hydrogen carbonates, chlorides, phosphates and nitrates of Ca, Mg, Na, K and manganese, organic affair, salt and other atoms. Their minimal values were recorded in ward no. 10 and in ward no. 8 for dug good and bore good severally. In SCP, the maximal value of TDS was recorded which reflects the pollution of SCP.
Alkalinity:
Table: 1 represent the fluctuation in entire alkalinity of dug good H2O ranged from a lower limit of 11.75 A± 1.16 mg/lit to a upper limit of 13.17 A± 0.96 mg/lit ward no. 3 and ward no. 2 severally. Similarly the fluctuation in entire alkalinity of dullard well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 11.55 A± 0.62 mg/lit to a upper limit of 14.65 A± 0.33 mg/lit of ward no. 4 and ward no. 2 severally ( Table-2 ) . Table: 3 represent the fluctuation in entire alkalinity of pool H2O. The maximal value was 369 mg/lit in SCP and the minimal value was 119 mg/lit in LCP.
The alkalinity of H2O is caused chiefly due to OH, CO3, HCO3 ions. Alkalinity is an estimation of the ability of H2O to defy alteration in pH upon add-on of acid. The alkalinity of dug good H2O was minimum in ward no. 3 and alkalinity of dullard well H2O was minimum in ward no. 4. The maximal alkalinity for dug good and bore good H2O was recorded in ward no. 2. This may be due to low H2O tabular array and lower temperature conveying down the rate of decomposition of salts to a lower limit at that place by increasing the alkalinity. The alkalinity of SCP is higher than the other 2 pools which exceed the highest desirable bound but within maximal allowable bound as per ICMR specification, so from alkalinities point of position, qualities of H2O is hapless.
Dissolved Oxygen ( DO ) :
Table 1 & A ; 2 show the fluctuation is dissolved O of dug well H2O and bore good H2O. The dissolved O of dug good H2O ranged from a lower limit of 4.8 A± 0.76 mg/lit to a upper limit of 6.30 A± 0.17 mg/lit of ward no.2 and ward no. 1 severally. Similarly the dissolved O of dullard well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 4.22 A± 0.18 mg/lit to a upper limit of 5.74 A± 0.52 mg/lit of ward no. 1 and ward no.4 respectively.Table-3 shows the fluctuation in dissolved O of pool H2O. The maximal value of DO was found to be 6.25 mg/lit in LCP and the minimal value of DO was found to be 2.35 mg/lit SCP.
The minimal value of DO was recorded in ward no. 2 in the instance of dug well and in ward no. 1 in instance of dullard well is might be due to the high rate of O ingestion by oxidisable mater. The maximal values were recorded in ward no. 1 and ward no. 4 for dug good and bore good severally can be explained on the footing of the capacity of H2O to keep O. In LCP, the average O content was higher than TP and SCP. The higher degree of alimentary burden and other factors caused lower degree of DO in LCP.
Chemical Oxygen Demand ( COD ) :
Table 1 and 2 show the fluctuation in COD of dug well H2O and bore good H2O. The COD of dug good H2O ranged from a lower limit of 2.15 A± 0.16 mg/lit to a upper limit of 2.64 A± 0.14 mg/lit of ward no. 5 and ward no. 8 severally. Similarly the COD value of bore well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 1.27 A± 0.06 mg/lit to a upper limit of 2.21 A± 0.52 mg/lit of ward no. 10 and ward no. 1 severally. Table 3 represents the fluctuation in COD of pool H2O. The COD of TP was found to be minimal i.e. 30.87 mg/lit and the COD value of SCP was found to be maximal i.e. 134.65 mg/lit.
Chemical O demand determines the O required for chemical oxidization of organic affair. COD values convey the sum of dissolved oxidisable organic affair including the non-biodegradable affairs present in it. The minimal values of COD in ward no. 5 and ward no. 10 of dug well and bore good severally might be due to low organic affair. While the maximal value in ward no. 8 and ward no. 1 of dug well and bore good severally might be due to high concentration of pollutants and organic affair. In TP, low COD value in comparing to SCP and LCP was observed which indicates that SCP and LCP are more pollutant than TP.
Nitrate:
Table 1 and 2 show the fluctuation in nitrate content of dug well and bore good H2O. The fluctuation in nitrate content of dug good H2O ranged from a lower limit of 1.14 A± 0.73 mg/lit to a upper limit of 6.65 A± 0.53mg/lit of ward no. 5 and ward no. 8 severally. Similarly the fluctuation in nitrate content of dullard well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 2.01 A± 0.26 mg/lit to a upper limit of 5.12 A± 0.38mg/lit of ward no. 8 and ward no. 7 severally. Table-3 shows the fluctuation in nitrate content of pool H2O. The maximal nitrate content was found in SCP i.e. 7.25 mg/lt and the lower limit was establishing TP i.e. 6.21mg/lt.
Nitrates represent the concluding merchandise of the biochemical oxidization of ammonium hydroxide. Monitoring of nitrates in imbibing H2O supply is really of import because of wellness effects on worlds and animate beings. The nitrate content was minimal in ward no. 5 and ward no.8 for dug good and bore good severally. The maximal nitrate content was in ward no. 8 and ward no. 7 for dug good and bore good severally. This might be due to leaching of nitrate from near by agricultural field. Maximal nitrate content was found in SCP than TP & A ; LCP which indicates that the H2O of SCP is more pollutant.
Chloride:
Table 1 and 2 show the fluctuation in chloride content of dug well and bore good H2O. The chloride content of dug good H2O ranged from a lower limit of 1.99 A± 0.17 mg/lit to a upper limit of 3.3 A± 0.81 mg/lit of ward no. 9 and ward no.10 severally. Similarly the chloride content of dullard well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 1.49 A± 0.34mg/lit to a upper limit of 3.66 A± 0.36 mg/lit of ward no. 6 and ward no. 2 severally. Table 3 shows the fluctuation in chloride content of pool H2O. The maximal chloride content was found to be 9.25 mg/lit in SCP and the minimal chloride content was found to be 7.65 mg/lit in TP.
The minimal values of chloride content were recorded in ward no. 9 and ward no.6 for dug good and bore good severally and the maximal values were recorded in ward no. 10 and ward no. 2 for dug good and bore good severally. The higher content of chloride in pools may be due to carnal beginning like human faces and sewerage influx. Chloride increases with the increasing grade of eutrophication. The maximal chloride was found in SCP which indicates that higher sum of pollutants present in the pool and the minimal value was recorded in TP.
Sodium:
Table 1 and 2 show the fluctuation in Na content of dug well and bore good. The Na content of dug good ranged from a lower limit of 0.88 A± 0.02 mg/lit to a upper limit of 2.0 A± 0.19 mg/lit of ward no.10 and ward no.1 severally. Similarly the Na content of dullard good ranged from a lower limit of 0.85 A± 0.07mg/lit to a upper limit of 2.43 A± 0.47 mg/lit of ward no.6 and ward no. 1 severally. Table 3 shows the fluctuation in Na content of pool H2O. The maximal Na content was found in LCP i.e. 1.08 mg/lit and the minimal Na content was found in TP i.e. 0.32 mg/lit.
The minimal value of 0.88 mg/lit in ward no. 10 and 0.85 mg/lit in ward no. 6 of dug well and bore good severally can be explained on the footing of lower microbial activity. While the maximal value of 2 mg/lit in ward no. 1 and 2.43 mg/lit of ward no. 1 of dug well and bore good severally might be due to high rate of mineralization in the deposits, increasing Na into the alimentary pool at that place by doing more Na to solubilise.In surface H2O the Na concentration may be less than 1 mg/lit or transcend 300 mg/lit depending upon the geographical country. The highest sum of Na, K and chloride in SCP made the H2O of SCP sour to savor. The minimal value was recorded in TP. Water incorporating more than 200 mg/lit Na should non be used for imbibing by those on reasonably restricted Na diet. A maximal imbibing H2O criterion of 100 mg/lit has been proposed for general populace.
Potassium:
Table 1 and 2 show the fluctuation in K content of dug well and bore good. The fluctuation in K content in dug good ranged from a lower limit of 6.01 A± 0.37mg/lit to a upper limit of 12.79 A± 0.37 mg/lit of ward no.8 and ward no. 4 severally. Similarly the fluctuation in K content of dullard good ranged from a lower limit of 6.72 A± 0.22 mg/lit to a upper limit of 10.95 A± 0.38 mg/lit of ward no.2 and ward no. 4 severally. Table 3 shows the fluctuation in K content in pool H2O. The maximal value of K was found to be 7.21mg/lit in LCP and the minimal value of K is found to be 6.26 mg/lit in TP.
Potassium remains largely in solution without undergoing precipitation. The high value in ward no. 4 both for dug good and bore good might be due to the presence of geochemical strata in both dug good and bore good. The K content was higher in SCP than TP and LCP.
Phosphate:
The fluctuation in phosphate content in dug well and bore good H2O is shown in table 1 and 2. The fluctuation in phosphate content in dug good ranged from a lower limit of 1.65 A± 0.06 mg/lit in ward no.10 to a upper limit of 2.37 A± 0.17 mg/lit in ward no. 8. The fluctuation in phosphate content of dullard good ranged from a lower limit of 1.14 A± 0.09 mg/lit to a upper limit of 2.36 A± 0.03 mg/lit of ward no.3 and ward no. 6 severally. Table 3 shows the fluctuation in phosphate content in pool H2O. The maximal value was found to be 1.75 mg/lit in TP and the minimal value was found to be 1.42 mg/lit in LCP.
Phosphate occurs in natural Waterss in low measure as many aquatic workss absorb and store phosphoric many times their existent immediate demands. Maximum phosphate concentration is observed in dug well which interferes with chemical curdling of cloudy H2O. In dug good, maximal value was found in ward no. 8 and minimal value was found in ward no. 10. In bore good, maximal value was found in ward no. 6 and minimal value was found in ward no. 3. In pool H2O, the maximal value was found in TP than SCP and LCP. The maximal value may be due to the solar radiation, which might hold encouraged the biological debasement of the organic affair.
Fluoride:
Table 1 and 2 shows the fluctuation in fluoride in dug well and bore good H2O. The fluctuation in fluoride of dug good H2O ranged from a lower limit of 0.38 A± 0.10 mg/lit to a upper limit of 0.69 A± 0.11 mg/lit of ward no.1 and ward no. 3 severally. Similarly the fluctuation in fluoride of dullard well H2O ranged from a lower limit of 0.42 A± 0.01 mg/lit to a upper limit of 0.66 A± 0.005 mg/lit of ward no. 9 and word no. 3 severally. Table 3 shows the fluctuation in fluoride in pool H2O. The maximal fluoride content was found to be 0.51 mg/lit in SCP and the lower limit was found to be 0.32 mg/lit in LCP.
Fluoride at a lower concentration at an norm of 1 mg/lit is regarded as an of import component of imbibing water23. The minimal value were recorded in ward no. 9 and 1 of dug well and bore good severally while the maximal values were recorded in ward no. 3 for both H2O. The values are lower than the prescribed value. But as its high concentration cause serious wellness job in that concern it is good below. Surface H2O by and large contains less than 0.5 mg/lit fluoride. However, when nowadays in much greater concentration, it becomes a pollutant. Areas exist where the fluoride content of H2O scopes from 1.5 to 6 mg/lit, for illustration in the Kurnool territory of Andhra Pradesh. In the present probe, the maximal value was recorded in SCP.
Entire Coliform and Faecal Coliform:
The maximal Numberss of entire coliform were found to be 2200/100 milliliter in TP, and the minimal Numberss of entire coliform were found to be 290/100 milliliter in LCP. The Numberss of entire Coliform were found to be 980/100 milliliter in SCP. The maximal Numberss of fecal Coliform were found to be 340/100 milliliter in LCP and the minimal Numberss of fecal Coliform were found to be 8/100 milliliter in TP. The Numberss of Faecal Coliform were found to be 87/100 milliliter in SCP.
The reasonably high values of entire Coliform and fecal Coliform are declarative of increasing pollution of the pools by organic agencies peculiarly through the discharge of sewerage and domestic wastewaters into the pools. The entire coliforms were found upper limit in TP and fecal coliform were found upper limit in LCP which is due to dispatch of body waste from human existences and other homoiotherms. Therefore a possible wellness hazard exists due to presence of microbic pathogens in H2O.
Statistical Analysis-
Interrelationship surveies between different variables are really helpful tool in advancing research and opening new frontiers of cognition. The survey of correlativity reduces the scope of uncertainness associated with determination devising. The correlativity coefficient analysis was done by utilizing SPSS statistical tools and the informations were depicted in Table- 4, 5 & A ; 6.
In Dug good H2O, the high positively correlated value ( 0.701 ) was found between the Sodium and Total suspended solid ( TSS ) . In Bore good H2O, the high positively correlated values were found between Temperature and Fluoride ( 0.724 ) , COD and Potassium ( 0.698 ) .In Bore good H2O, the high negatively correlated values were found between TSS and Temperature ( -0.656 ) , TSS and Fluoride ( -.635 ) .The high positively correlated values in Pond H2O were TSS and Chloride ( 1.000 ) , TDS and Chloride ( 0.999 ) , TSS and TDS ( 0.997 ) . In pool H2O, the high negatively correlated value was between Sodium and Temperature ( -.999 ) .
Decision
The survey assessed the development of H2O quality in land H2O and pool H2O of Bargarh territory. A comparative survey of both type of land H2O i.e. dug good and bore good every bit good as pool H2O was carried out by taking certain of import parametric quantities like temperature, pH, entire suspended solid, entire dissolved solid, alkalinity, dissolved O, chemical O demand, nitrate, chloride, Na, K, phosphate, fluoride and entire coliform and fecal coliform ( pond H2O ) .
In this present probe it was found that the maximal parametric quantities were non at the degree of pollution except few parametric quantities like nitrate for land H2O. So both type of land H2O satisfy the demand for the usage in assorted intents. But the survey of pool H2O indicated that the community pools are extremely polluted and insecure for human usage. Temple pool is relatively less contaminated than little community pool and big community pool.
