Bio 160 Ch 7 quiz

D) passes electrons to photosystem I.
Photosystem II

A) releases CO2 as a by-product.
B) does not have a reaction center.
C) receives electrons from photosystem I.
D) passes electrons to photosystem I.

D) CO2
Which of the following molecules is a reactant of photosynthesis?

A) O2
B) glucose
C) chlorophyll
D) CO2

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A) glucose, ADP, NADP+
Which of the following are produced during the Calvin cycle?

A) glucose, ADP, NADP+
B) ATP, NADPH, O2
C) glucose, ADP, NADP+, CO2
D) ATP, NADPH, CO2

B) H2O.
The electrons lost from the reaction center of photosystem II are replaced by electrons from

A) ATP.
B) H2O.
C) photosystem I.
D) CO2.

D) moderated by photosynthesis, which removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Global warming due to the greenhouse effect may be

A) reduced by the burning of fossil fuels, which removes oxygen from the atmosphere.
B) of little concern, since it is part of the normal cycle for the planet.
C) made worse by photosynthesis, which adds carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.
D) moderated by photosynthesis, which removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

A) photoautotrophs.
Autotrophs that utilize light as their energy source are

A) photoautotrophs.
B) fungi.
C) chemosynthetic autotrophs.
D) heterotrophs.

B) thylakoid membranes
Where is chlorophyll found in a plant cell?

A) cristae
B) thylakoid membranes
C) cytoplasm
D) stroma

B) photosynthetic prokaryotes that lived inside eukaryotic cells
What is the likely origin of chloroplasts?

A) mitochondria that had a mutation for photosynthesis
B) photosynthetic prokaryotes that lived inside eukaryotic cells
C) eukaryotes that engulfed photosynthetic fungi
D) prokaryotes with photosynthetic mitochondria

A) They help the plant synthesize glucose efficiently under dry conditions.
What is the main adaptive advantage of the C4 and CAM photosynthesis strategies over the C3 strategy?

A) They help the plant synthesize glucose efficiently under dry conditions.
B) They make it possible for the plant to use the Calvin cycle at night.
C) They allow the plant to fix carbon in cool conditions.
D) They allow the plant to fix carbon under conditions of low CO2.

D) CO2 is needed to produce sugars in the Calvin cycle.
After reading the paragraph below, answer the question that follows.

You’re conducting an experiment to determine the effect of different wavelengths of light on the absorption of carbon dioxide as an indicator of the rate of photosynthesis in aquatic ecosystems. If the rate of photosynthesis increases, the amount of carbon dioxide in the environment will decrease, and vice versa.

Small aquatic plants are placed into three containers of water mixed with carbon dioxide. Container A is placed under normal sunlight, B under green light, and C under red light. The containers are observed for a 24-hour period.

Carbon dioxide absorption is an appropriate indicator of photosynthesis because

A) CO2 is needed to complete the light reactions.
B) the energy in CO2 is used to produce ATP and NADPH.
C) plants produce oxygen gas by splitting CO2.
D) CO2 is needed to produce sugars in the Calvin cycle.

D) G3P
The Calvin cycle constructs ________, an energy-rich molecule that a plant cell can then use to make glucose or other organic molecules.

A) ATP
B) carbon dioxide
C) NADH
D) G3P

B) concentrated in a zone of leaf tissue called the mesophyll.
In most green plants, chloroplasts are

A) evenly distributed throughout the entire plant.
B) concentrated in a zone of leaf tissue called the mesophyll.
C) evenly distributed throughout the leaf tissue.
D) concentrated in a portion of the leaf called the stroma.

C) photosynthesis.
The ultimate source of all the food we eat and the oxygen we breathe is

A) cellular respiration.
B) glycolysis.
C) photosynthesis.
D) anaerobic metabolism.

D) 2, 4, 1, 3
Put the following steps of the light reactions in the correct order:
1. Light excites an electron from photosystem I.
2. Light excites an electron from photosystem II.
3. Electrons reduce NADP+ to NADPH.
4. Electrons pass through an electron transport chain, which generates a H+ gradient used to make ATP.

A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 1, 4, 2, 3
C) 2, 3, 1, 4
D) 2, 4, 1, 3

A) occurs when carbon atoms from CO2 are incorporated into an organic molecule.
Carbon fixation

A) occurs when carbon atoms from CO2 are incorporated into an organic molecule.
B) provides the cell with a supply of NADPH molecules.
C) occurs during the light reactions.
D) supplies the cell with ATP.

C) 1, 4, 3, 2
Put the following steps of the Calvin cycle in the correct order:
1. Carbon fixation
2. Regeneration of RuBP
3. Release of G3P
4. Reduction

A) 4, 1, 2, 3
B) 1, 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 4, 3, 2
D) 1, 3, 4, 2

C) an antenna.
In a photosystem, clusters of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoid pigments function most like

A) a spring.
B) a windmill.
C) an antenna.
D) a propeller on a motorboat.

A) H in glucose and water; O in O2
If you expose a photosynthesizing plant to water that contains both radioactive H and radioactive O, in which of the products of photosynthesis will the radioactive H and O show up?

A) H in glucose and water; O in O2
B) H in water; O in glucose
C) H in glucose; O in water
D) H and O both in glucose

D) ATP.
Atrazine is a widely used herbicide that binds to a protein in photosystem II, ultimately causing a breakdown in electron transport. Atrazine would first inhibit the production of

A) G3P.
B) NADPH.
C) O2.
D) ATP.

A) photosystem
The electrons lost from the reaction center of photosystem I are replaced by electrons from

A) photosystem II.
B) ATP.
C) H2O.
D) CO2.

A) photorespiration.
The addition of oxygen instead of carbon dioxide to RuBP results in

A) photorespiration.
B) photophosphorylation.
C) aerobic respiration.
D) cellular respiration.

B) the final electron acceptor is NADP+ and not oxygen.
Photophosphorylation during photosynthesis differs from oxidative phosphorylation during cellular respiration in that

A) generation of ATP is driven by a flow of protons (H+) through ATP synthase.
B) the final electron acceptor is NADP+ and not oxygen.
C) it involves an electron transport chain.
D) energy is stored in the form of a proton (H+) concentration difference.

C) water.
The oxygen released into the air as a product of photosynthesis comes from

A) chlorophyll.
B) carbon dioxide.
C) water.
D) glucose.

B) an electron.
A redox reaction involves the transfer of

A) oxygen.
B) an electron.
C) carbon dioxide.
D) water.

Light
What is the source of energy that provides the boost for electrons during photosynthesis?

light
ATP
NADPH
cellular respiration

carotenoids.
Plant cells are protected from the harmful effects of excessive light energy and reactive oxidative molecules by

chlorophyll.
carotenoids.
mitochondria.
ATP.

Energy can be released by the excited electron as heat, light, or fluorescence.
Which of the following statements about the absorption of photons by pigment molecules is true?

Energy can be released by the excited electron as heat, light, or fluorescence.
Excitation of the electrons is a very stable state.
Photons raise electrons in pigments to the ground state.
It takes several minutes for the pigment electrons to become excited.

grana.
Thylakoids are arranged in stacks called

vacuoles.
cristae.
stomata.
grana.

ATP, NADPH, O2
Which of the following are produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

glucose, ADP, NADP+
ATP, NADPH, O2
glucose, ADP, NADP+, CO2
ADP, NADP+, O2

passes absorbed energy to chlorophyll a.
Chlorophyll b

is best at absorbing the energy of blue-violet and red light, just like chlorophyll a.
catalyzes the incorporation of carbon atoms into RuBP.
passes absorbed energy to chlorophyll a.
is best at absorbing the energy of green light.

algae in freshwater and marine ecosystems
Which of the following is an example of a photoautotroph?

grizzly bears in Alaska
algae in freshwater and marine ecosystems
bacteria in our mouth
mushrooms growing on the side of a dead tree

produce organic molecules from inorganic molecules.
Photoautotrophs

include only the green plants.
make sugar by using organic raw materials.
eat other organisms that use light energy to make food molecules.
produce organic molecules from inorganic molecules.

thylakoid membranes; stroma
The light reactions occur in the ________, while the Calvin cycle occurs in the ________.

cytoplasm; thylakoid membrane
stroma; thylakoid membranes
thylakoid membranes; stroma
stroma; nucleus

power sugar synthesis during the Calvin cycle.
ATP and NADPH

provide energy to photosystem I and photosystem II.
are used in the electron transport chain to pump H+ into the thylakoid space.
power sugar synthesis during the Calvin cycle.
are products of the Calvin cycle.

pass energy to the reaction center.
Clusters of light-gathering pigments in a photosystem

absorb electrons.
are found in the roots of plants.
pass energy to the reaction center.
break down H2O.

lower sea levels
Which of the following is not an expected outcome of global climate change?

increased extinction rates
lower sea levels
extreme weather patterns
spread of tropical diseases

through an electron transport chain molecule
How do hydrogen ions make their way from the stroma to the thylakoid interior?

through photosystem I
directly through the phospholipids of the thylakoid membrane
through an electron transport chain molecule
through the ATP synthase

electromagnetic
Sunlight is a type of ________ energy.

electromagnetic
mechanical
sound
chemical

chemical; food; light
Mitochondria transfer ________ energy from ________ to ATP; chloroplasts transform ________ energy into the chemical energy of ATP.

chemical; food; light
food; light; nuclear
light; food; kinetic
food; light; chemical

shuttle electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I.
The electron transport chains of the light reactions

are found on the plasma membrane of mesophyll cells.
shuttle electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I.
provide energy for the citric acid cycle.
are located in the stroma.

have mitochondria and chloroplasts
Plant cells

have mitochondria but do not have chloroplasts.
lack mitochondria and chloroplasts.
lack mitochondria but have chloroplasts.
have mitochondria and chloroplasts

chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
Which of the following has been a major source of ozone destruction over the past 50 years?

carbon dioxide (CO2)
methane (CH4)
ethylene glycol (C2H6O2)
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)

Chlorophyll a reflects green light.
Why are most plants green?

Chlorophyll a reflects green light.
Green helps plants blend into their environment as a sort of camouflage.
Chlorophyll b primarily uses green light as the source of energy for photosynthesis.
Chlorophyll a absorbs green light.

carbon dioxide.
Photosynthetic organisms derive their carbon from

carbon dioxide.
methane.
hydrocarbons.
carbon monoxide.

a fuel for cellular respiration and a starting material for making other organic molecules.
Plants use sugars as

a fuel for photosynthesis.
a fuel for cellular respiration and a starting material for making other organic molecules.
a starting material for the Calvin cycle.
a source of electrons for chemiosmosis.

phosphorylates ADP to ATP.
In chloroplasts, ATP synthase

phosphorylates ADP to ATP.
catalyzes the Calvin cycle.
is found in the stroma.
helps produce the concentration gradient of H+.

electromagnetic
The full range of electromagnetic energy is called the ________ spectrum.

energy
electromagnetic
visible
ultraviolet

protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation.
Ozone

formation is promoted by CFCs.
protects Earth from ultraviolet radiation.
is a source of oxygen for cellular respiration.
is broken down by carbon dioxide.

Glucose and O2
Which of the following molecules is a product of photosynthesis?
Stromata
CO2 enters and O2 escapes from a leaf via
Algal photosynthesis would use up more CO2, which traps heat.
It has been suggested that global warming could be halted by fertilizing the oceans to increase the growth of algae. How might this affect the greenhouse effect?
Green
Which of the following colors contributes the least energy to photosynthesis?
chlorophyll a
Which of the following photosynthetic pigments can be found at the photosystem reaction center?
Photon
The energy that excites the photosystems is supplied by
ATP is not produced during photosynthesis; it is produced only during cellular respiration.
Which of the following statements comparing photosynthesis and cellular respiration is false?
NADP+ is reduced to NADPH.
As a result of the cascade of electrons down the electron transport chains of the light reactions,
formation of waste products in the form of O2
Which of the following is part of the light reaction?
Most of the biomass of the cut trees would be added to the atmosphere as CO2 within a few years.
It has been argued that cutting old-growth forests and replacing them with plantations of young trees would help to alleviate the threat of global greenhouse warming. What important fact does this argument ignore?
Stroma
In the chloroplast, sugars are made in a compartment that is filled with a thick fluid called the
H+; stroma; H+
In photophosphorylation, energy from electron flow is used to transport ________ from the ________ to the thylakoid compartment, generating a concentration gradient of ________.
C4 plants and CAM plants
Many of the regions of the world where hunger is prevalent are also regions with hot and dry climates. What types of agricultural crops would you suggest that these regions attempt to grow?
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