Meiosis
What process maintains a constant number of chromosomes within a species?
Metaphase 1
Homologous chromosomes line up at the equator in pairs
Interphase
The cell replicates its chromosomes
Anaphase 1
Homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite ends of the cell
Prophase 1
The spindle forms and DNA coils up and homologous chromosomes come together in a tetrad. Crossing over occurs
Telphase 1
Events occur in the reverse order from the events of prophase
4
By the end of meiosis 2 how many cells are formed?
Diploid
A cell with two of each kind of chromosome is called
Gametes
Sperm or egg cells are
Haploid cell
A cell with one of each kind of chromosome is a
Homologous
___ chromosome have genes for the same traits in the same order on both chromosome
Meiosis
Specialized body cells make gametes in a process that involves
Sexual reproduction
Involves the production and subsequent fusion of gametes
Crossing over
When non sister chromatids exchange genes
Genetic recombination
The reassortment of genetic information which results in variation among organisms
Reproductive cells
In what type of cells does meiosis occur
Haploid
The cells produced by meiosis are
2
How many times does chromosome separation occur in meiosis
Somatic cells or body
Cells that contain a diploid number of chromosomes
Zygote
An ___ is the cell created when a sperm fertilizes an egg
Mitosis
The process that produces diploid cells
Meiosis
The process that produces haploid cells
Sex cells
Cells that contain a haploid number of chromosomes
Haploid
Having half of the usual number of chromosomes
Sex chromosomes
The pair of chromosomes that determined gender
Autosomes
The chromosomes that do not determined gender
Tetrad
a pair of homologous chromosomes lined up side by side during Prophase1 of meiosis
Homologues
A pair of chromosomes that contains similar genetic information
Crossing over
An exchange of DNA b/w two Homologues
Interphase
longest part of the cell cycle
Interphase
Division of the nucleus
Cytokinesis
Division of the entire cell