True
Organisms in all trophic levels may be consumed by decomposers.
True/False
True/False
A decline in the numbers of prey causes a decline in the number of predators.
Which of the following is (are) correct in a predator-prey cycle?
only one species per jar
There are several species of grain beetles that live on dry meal and do considerable damage to stored grain. In an experiment, a dozen jars of dry meal are set up and fifty individuals of each species, both males and females, are added to each jar. The food supply is not quite sufficient to last for six months and the size of the jar is adequate so that wastes do not become toxic. Most likely, examination of the jars in six months will find
humans – carnivores
Which of the following associations between organism and nutrient source is incorrect?
Competition
_____ is the interaction between two species as both attempt to use the same environmental resources.
False
All food chains begin with a photosynthetic producer.
both the number of species and the evenness or relative abundance of individuals of the different species
Two communities may have exactly the same number of species, yet one might be measured as having a greater species diversity. Why?
a community
All the populations of all the different species interacting with one another in the same environment is called
converted to heat, which is no longer useful.
Energy flow in an ecosystem is not cyclic because energy is
approximately 6
Consider the following food chain: hawk – rabbit – clover. Each species will contain a different amount of calories in its body (clover: 10 calories, rabbit: 500 and hawk: 1200). Each species has a different daily caloric requirement (clover: sunlight, rabbit: 100 calories, hawk: 300).
How many rabbits, per day, does it take to support the hawk?
How many rabbits, per day, does it take to support the hawk?
Pyramids built upon the biomass of organisms at each level eliminate size as a factor
Which of the following statements about ecological pyramids is true?
approximately 600 clover plants
Consider the following food chain: hawk – rabbit – clover. Each species will contain a different amount of calories in its body (clover: 10 calories, rabbit: 500 and hawk: 1200). Each species has a different daily caloric requirement (clover: sunlight, rabbit: 100 calories, hawk: 300).
How many clover plants, per day, does it take to support one hawk?
How many clover plants, per day, does it take to support one hawk?
Denitrification removes nitrogen from the atmosphere and converts it to a form that plants can use.
Which of the following statements about the value of the nitrogen cycle to an ecosystem is NOT true?
an example of resource partitioning.
MacArthur discovered that five species of warblers coexisted on spruce trees by foraging on the same caterpillar, but in different places of the tree canopy. This is
Some water evaporates from land and from plants.
Which of the following statement(s) about the hydrologic cycle is (are) true?
False
In order for a community to reach the status of climax community, succession must always begin with pioneer species.
True/False
True/False
the same habitat but different niches.
In an Asian rice paddy, carp eat decaying material from around the base of rice plants while a snail scrapes algae from the leaves, stems, and roots of the same plant. They can survive at the same time in the same rice paddy because they occupy
commensalism
A small marine amphipod has recently been discovered that carries a bad-tasting organism on its back, which is contrary to its normal behavior. If a fish ingests the pair, it immediately spits them back out. If the amphipod is alone, however, it is readily eaten. There is no apparent benefit or harm in this relationship for the “backpack” organism. This is probably a case of
All of the choices are correct
Clements proposed the climax-pattern model of succession. Governing factors for this model include
fundamental niche
All of the conditions under which an organism could conceivably survive and reproduce constitute its
possible since carbon cycles through the biosphere
Is it possible that the carbon atoms in your body may have once made up the living tissues of another person or animal in earlier times? This is
realized niche.
The actual conditions under which an organism exists in nature constitute its
12
If there are 12,000kg in the base of an ecological pyramid, how many kg will be found in the body tissue of the tertiary consumers?
coevolution
The frequent change in HIV surface proteins is a type of
detritivores – inorganic matter
Which of the following pairings of organisms and their method of obtaining nutrients is incorrect?
False
A community that contains a low species diversity will often have a high species richness.
True/False
True/False
An efficient parasite usually kills its host.
Which of the following statements about parasitism is NOT true?
False
The relationship between plants and their pollinators is a good example of parasitism.
True/False
True/False
All of these are part of a white tailed deer’s ecological niche.
Which of the following features is not part of the ecological niche of a white tailed deer?
Predation
_____ occurs when one living organism feeds on another.
time for development of the soil.
Primary succession takes much longer than secondary succession because it involves
Soil formation occurs – pioneer species enter the region, shrubs begin to grow – small trees begin to grow
What is the correct order of events during primary succession?
a – b – d
What is the correct sequence of organisms if a community is going through secondary succession?
a. grasses establish themselves in the community
b. shrubs establish themselves in the community
c. soil formation occurs
d. trees establish themselves in the community
a. grasses establish themselves in the community
b. shrubs establish themselves in the community
c. soil formation occurs
d. trees establish themselves in the community
True
The first species to begin secondary succession are called pioneer species, or colonizers.
True/False
True/False
All of these are ways in which the organism uses the energy.
As animals take in food energy approximately 10% of it is made available to the next level in the food chain. Which of the following is one of the ways in which the energy is used by the organism and not passed along?
