| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| in which climate zone does every location have at least one day a year when the sun is directly overhead | Tropics |
| Which method of measuring time uses time zones | standard solar time |
| What type of time is based on the stars | sidereal time |
| The point on the celestial sphere directly above an observer is called the | zenith |
| what was the first artificial satellite of Earth | Sputnik 1 |
| What circle on the celestial sphere runs directly overhead and through the celestial poles | meridian |
| the path the sun follows in a year is the | ecliptic |
| A device that splits light into a spectrum for analysis is a | spectroscope |
| What system of timekeeping divides the day into hours AM and PM | 12 hour time |
| the equation of time is the relationship between mean solar time and | apparent solar time |
| What term refers to an unmanned spacecraft launched specifically to explore the unknown | space probe |
| What are the two points on the path of the sun at which the sun is farthest from the celestial equator | solstices |
| in what type of orbit does a satellite stay above the same point on the Earth's surface | geostationary (orbit) |
| which calendar system is now used in most nations | Gregorian calendar |
| what term refers to the earth's slow "wobble" on its axis that causes the pole star to change | precession |
| what visible light telescope was launched into space in 1990 | Hubble Space Telescope |
| What unit of time is based on the period Earth takes to orbit the sun once | solar year |
| used to study the heavens | astronomical |
| perform a variety of functions, such as making maps, forecasting crop production, spotting forest fires and surveying cities | Earth observation |
| relay telephone conversations and radio and television broadcasts | communications |
| include the satellites of the Global Positioning System | navigational |
| a telescope that uses a mirror as the objective is a ??? telescope | reflecting |
| The abbreviation A.D. stands for | anno Domini |
| the technique in which computer-controlled mirrors constantly flex and bend to correct for atmospheric distortion is | adaptive optics |
| When white light shines through a gas and then passes through a prism, the broad spectrum of color will show narrow, dark lines called | absorption lines |
| the mean solar time at Earth;s prime meridian is called | UTC |
| a circumpolar star that crosses the meridian between the visible celestial pole and the horizon is making an | lower transit |
| In which type of orbit does a satellite cross the equator at the same local mean solar time on every orbit | sun-synchronous orbit |
| which type of orbit would a spacecraft use to increase its altitude | Hohmann transfer orbit |
| from which calendar do the English month names come | Julian |
| What was the first space station designed so that it could be expanded | Mir |
| What astronomical event marks the beginning of winter in the Northern Hemisphere | December solstice |
| What United States' space program landed a man on the moon | Apollo |
| What rocket design did the United States use to launch manned moon missions? | Saturn V |
| What term refers to the highest point of the orbit of an earth-orbiting satellite | apogee |
| what part of a telescope collects the light | objective |
| The term that refers to the speed a spacecraft must be traveling at to leave Earth's gravity without using its rockets anymore is | escape velocity |
| the unit of time, larger than a day, that is not based on the motion of a heavenly body is the | week |
| The first type of spacecraft designed to be reused was the | space shuttle |
| a rocket that can be stored for years with the fuel loaded is a ??? rocket | solid-fuel |
| Scientists can use multiple radio telescopes to produce images more detailed than possible with a single radio telescope by using the technique called | interferometry |
| the two points at which the path of the sun crosses the celestial equator are called | equinoxes |
| the two basic kinds of optical telescopes are the | refracting and reflecting telescopes |
| first american in space | Alan Shepard |
| first woman in space | Valentina Tereshkova |
| Father of Modern Rocketry | Robert Goddard |
| first man in space | Yuri Gagarin |
| first american to orbit the earth | John Glenn |
| German-born engineer who became the US top rocket designer | Wernher von Braun |
| first man to set foot on the moon | Neil Armstrongs |
