Oak Trees
Which of the following organisms are autotrophs: fungi, rabbits, humans, or oak trees
Chlorophyll
Plants are green because of _________________, the main photosynthetic pigment in chloroplasts.
What is the substance in the highlighted area?
Carbon Dioxide
What is the substance in the highlighted area?
Water
What is the substance in the highlighted area?
Oxygen
What is the substance in the highlighted area?
Sugar
Without the sun, autotrophs could not make food; heterotrophs could obtain food from autotrophs
Suppose a volcano threw so much ash into the air that it blocked much of the sunlight. How might this event affect the ability to obtain energy to live?
Energy is radiated to earth through electromagnetic waves. Green plants absorb this energy through chrolophyll inside their chloroplasts. The are autotrophs and make their own food (glucose) through the process of photosynthesis. Since we are heterotrophs, we have to get our nutrients from outside of our body. We eat autotrophs and the receive energy from the glucose that is stored in the plants.
How do you get energy?
mitochondria
In which cell structure does cellular respiration take place?
Fermentation
__________________________ is a process that releases energy in cells without using oxygen.
Bread (or anything made with yeast)
What is one common food that is made with the help of fermentation?
Sugar plus oxygen yields carbon dioxide plus water and releases energy.
Write a word equation for cellular respiration in cells.
Stage 1: Glucose is broken down into smaller molecules and some energy is released. Stage 2: Small molecules are broken down further, using oxygen and releasing much more energy.
In one or two sentences, summarize what happens during each of the two stages of cellular respiration.
Breathing brings in oxygen that is used in cellular respiration and removes waste products, such as carbon dioxide.
How is breathing related to cellular respiration?
precipitation
When drops of water in a cloud become heavy enough, they fall to Earth as
water cycle
Evaporation, condensation, and precipitation are the three main process in the
Producers; they release oxygen as a result of photosynthesis
Which group of organisms is the source of oxygen in the oxygen cycle?
Producers use carbon dioxide to produce carbon compounds (Glucose) through photosynthesis. Consumers get carbon compounds from eating food and releasing carbon dioxide as a waste product
Describe the roles of producers and consumers in the carbon cycle.
Free nitrogen from the air would not be changed into a form that other organisms could use. Organisms would die.
What would happen if all the nitrogen-fixing bacteria disappeared?
The mass of the reactants is equal to the mass of the products. The number of atoms of each element does not change.
How does the mass of the products of respiration compare with the mass of the reactants? How do you know?
If the the vegetation is destroyed, then there will be fewer producers. Without producers to capture energy, there will be less energy available to consumers. Fewer producers means there will be fewer organisms to absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen into the environment.
Many acres of the Amazon rain forest have been destroyed to create farmland. Describe how the movement of energy in this area might be affected. How might the carbon and oxygen cycles also be affected?
The name and cellular process of the cell structure below:
Mitochondrion; cellular respiration
Sunlight
What is the source of energy used in photosynthesis?
Cellular Respiration
Which process produces carbon dioxide?
Fermentation does not require oxygen, while cellular respiration does
What is one main difference between fermentation and cellular respiration?
carbon dioxide and sugar
Which two carbon compounds are recycled in the carbon and oxygen cycles?
Which organisms have the least amount of energy available to them?
Mouse, Rabbit, and Deer
a community of organisms that live in a particular area, along with their nonliving environment
Ecosystem
the process by which a cell captures energy in sunlight and uses it to make food
photosynthesis
an organism that makes its own food
autotroph/ producer
an organism that cannot make its own food
heterotroph/ consumer
the organelle in the plant cell that contains the chlorophyll and where photosynthesis occurs
chloroplast
the main pigment that absorbs the sun’s energy for photosynthesis to occur
chlorophyll
the process by which cells obtain energy from glucose
cellular respiration
an energy releasing process that does not require oxygen
Fermentation
the process by which molecules of liquid water absorb energy and change to a gas
Evaporation
the process by which a gas changes to a liquid
condensation
As water vapor condenses, the drops of water in the clouds grow larger, eventually the drops fall back to Earth
precipitation
the process by which carbon moves within and between organisms and their physical environment
Carbon Cycle
the process of changing free nitrogen into a usable form of nitrogen
nitrogen fixation
nitrogen found in the air that must be “fixed” by bacteria in the soil in order to make it usable by other organisms
free nitrogen
free nitrogen that has gone through the “fixing” process by bacteria found in the soil that is now usable by producers
fixed nitrogen
