| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| albumin | part of the blood that draws water into the blood stream and provides hydration |
| anemia | low red blood cell count where the red blood cells are not replenished |
| aorta | large vessel that allows blood to flow out of the heart and back into systemic circulation |
| arrhythmia | change in the heart's rate or rhythm |
| artery | vessel that carries blood away from the heart |
| asytole | heart stops contracting and heart failure occurs |
| atrial fibrillation | A-fib, condition that occurs when the SA node or the pacemaker of the heart is not working |
| auscultation | the procedure of listening to a body part |
| autoimmune disease | animal's red blood cells are destroyed by the immune system |
| AV valve | opens and closes between the atrium and ventricle to allow blood to flow through each chamber of the heart |
| band cell | immature neutrophil that indicates an infection within the body, shaped like a U |
| basophil | white blood cell with a segmented nucleaus and granules that stain very dark and aid in allergic reactions |
| blood | red liquid within the circulatory system that contains 40% of the cells in the body and transports oxygen |
| blood pressure (BP) | the heart's contractions and relations as blood flows through the chambers |
| bradycardia | heart beating slower than normal |
| cardiac arrest | the heart is not contracting appropriately |
| centrifuge | piece of equipment that uses high speeds to separate liquid portions from solids |
| circulatory system | body system essential for life that includes the heart, blood, veins, arteries, and capillaries with the functions that include oxygen flow, blood circulation, and transport of nutrients, waste removal, and the movement of hormones |
| clot | formation of a plug in the blood to stop bleeding |
| diastole | relaxation phase of blood pressure or the lower number which is normally lower |
| electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) | a machine that controls the electrical currents of the heart |
| electrocardiography | the evaluation of the electrical currents of the heart through the use of machines |
| endocardium | thin inner muscle layer of the heart |
| eosinophil | white blood cells that fight against allergic reactions, controlls inflammation, and protects the body from parasite infection and have a large nucleus with segmented granules within the cytoplasm |
| epicardium | outer thin covering of the myocardium |
| erthyrocytes | veterinary term for red blood cells |
| erthyropoiesis | the production process of red blood cells within the bone marrow |
| fibrinogen | protein that aids in clotting blood |
| globulin | provide antibodies to help prevent disease |
| heart | organ with four chambers located in the chest between the lungs |
| heart murmur | an abnormal valve that produces an abnormal flow of blood that creates a swishing noise |
| heart rate | pumping action of the blood through the heart creating a swishing noise upon auscultation |
| hemotology | the study of blood |
| hemoglobin | main component of red blood cells that allows oxygen transport and produces iron to allow cells to multiply |
| histamine | chemical released during an allergic reaction |
| left atrium | thin walled chamber of the heart that passes from the pulmonary artery into the left side of the heart |
| left ventricle | thickest walled chamber of the heart |
| leukocytes | veterinary term for white blood cells |
| lymphocytes | white blood cells that make up the largest part of the bloodstream and aid in immune functions that protect the body from disease, have one large single nucleus that makes up most of the cell |
| macrophage | cells that eat and destroy organisms throughout the body |
| monocyte | largest white blood cell that help neutrophils rid the body of waste and cell debris |
| myocardium | thick muscle that forms the wall of the heart |
| neutrophil | most common white blood cell that destroys microorganisms within tissues that has a nucleus with segments |
| pacemaker | system of the heart that controls heart sounds wand rhythm |
| pericardium | thin membrane that covers, protects, and maintains the beating action of the heart |
| plasma | formed of various proteins in the body and consists of 60% of the blood system, forms a solid portion of the blood |
| platelet | blood cell used to clot blood by constricting vessel to stop bleeding |
| pulmonary artery | carry oxygen poor blood and prevent blood flow back to the heart |
| pulse | the heart rate of an animal or each beat created from the heart |
| P wave | first peak on an EKG that forms at the SA node and reflects the flow of the electricity and blood through the atrium and a contraction has occurred |
| QRS complex | series of peaks that show the electrical current and blood have flowed throug hthe AV node and have caused a contraction of the ventricles |
| red blood cells (RBC) | most abundand cell in the body that are produced in the bone marrow and transport oxygen |
| repolarize | reset or restart the heart and means to get ready for the next electrical impulse to start |
| right atrium | thin walled chamber of the heart where blood enters |
| right ventricle | thicker walled chamber of the heart where blood enters |
| SA node | the term for the pacemaker of the heart |
| serum | liquid portion of blood |
| shock | condition that occurs when an animal does not have enough blood and oxygen reaching the tissues |
| sinus rhythm | a normal heart rate and sound |
| stethoscope | instrument used to listen to the heart, lungs, and chest |
| systemic circulation | blood system that delivers nutrients and oxygen to all areas of the body |
| systole | contraction phase of blood pressure or the top number that is usually higher |
| tachycardia | heart beating faster than normal |
| thrombocyte | veterinary term for platelets |
| T wave | lask peak and the most important part of the EKG, shows that the electrical impulse has traveled through the entire heart and has completed the contraction and repolarized the heart |
| vasoconstriction | diamter of a vessel has increased as blood pressure decreases |
| vasodilation | diameter of the vessels increase as blood pressure decreases |
| vein | vessels that carry blood to the heart |
| vena cava | large vessel that transports blood to the heart from systemic circulation |
| ventricular fibrillation | V-fib, condition causing the ventricles to fire electrical currents rapidly and is the most serious cause of cardiac arrest |
| white blood cells (WBC) | five types of blood cells that protect the body from infection and aid in immune system protection |
