chapter 4 Eukaryotic structure

1st Eukaryotic cells appeared on earth

Eukaryotes studied by microbiologists are

algae

All eukaryotic cells have the following structures except:
A) organelles of the endomembrane system.
B) ribosomes.
C) one or more chromosomes.
D) a plasma membrane.
E) plastids.

endosymbiont theory is

1st primitive eukaryotes were probably

Which of the following is not found in Eukaryotic cells
Cell wall
DNA without membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum
Chloroplast
Lysosome

Motility allows a microorganism to locate

eukaryotic flagellum

flagellum

cilia

cilitated protozoa

most eukaryotic cells have

glycocalyx

glycocalyx structure

. Which of the following is found in eukaryotic cells but not in prokaryotic cells?
A. nucleus
B. mitochondria
C. endoplasmic reticulum
D. lysosomes
E. All of the choices are correct.

glycocalyx function

which of the following have thick rigid cell surrounding a cell membrane?
a)fungi and algae
b) few algae
c)protazoa
c) animal cells

which of the following lack a cell wall and have only a cell membrane?
a)fungi and algae
b) few algae
c)protazoa
c) animal cells

protozoa
helminths

fungi cell walls are

cytoplasmic cell membrane of eukaryotic cells

most prominent organell of the eukaryotic cell

an external boundary that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm

site for ribosmal RNA synthesis and a collection area for ribosomal subunits

a prominent feature of nucloplasm in stained preps is a network of dark fibers known as

made of dna and histone protiens

microscopic tunnels used in transport and storage

originates from outer membrane of the nuclear envelope and extends in a continuous network through the cytoplasm, out to the cell memebrane

cistern

nutrient processing and synthesis and storage of nonprotien macromolecules

An organelle that is a stack of flattened, membranous sacs and functions to receive, modify, and package proteins for cell secretion is
A. mitochondria.
B. lysosomes.
C. Golgi apparatus.
D. chloroplasts.
E. endoplasmic reticulum.

1. The eukaryotic cell organelle that most resembles a bacterial cell is the
A. nucleus.
B. golgi apparatus.
C. mitochondria.
D. lysosome.
E. ribosome.

Which organelle contains cristae where enzymes and electron carriers for aerobic respiration are found?
A. mitochondria
B. lysosomes
C. Golgi apparatus
D. chloroplasts
E. endoplasmic reticulum

. Organelles found in algae but not found in protozoa or fungi are the
A. mitochondria.
B. lysosomes.
C. Golgi apparatus.
D. chloroplasts.
E. endoplasmic reticulum.

The cytoskeleton
A. anchors organelles.
B. provides support.
C. functions in movements of the cytoplasm.
D. helps maintain cell shape.
E. All of the choices are correct.

Filamentous fungi are called
A. pseudohyphae.
B. septa.
C. molds.
D. dimorphic.
E. mycelium.

The nucleus includes all of the following structures EXCEPT
A.cytoplasm
B.nuclear envelope
C.DNA
D.nucleolus
E.chromatin

membrane bound sacs containing fluids and solid particles to be digested excreted or stored

type of vesicle originating from the golgi apparatus that contains enzymes that involve intracellular digestion of food particles and protection against invading microbes

formed in phaygocytic cells

the contents of a food vacuole are digested through the merger of the vacuole with a lysosome

protozoa living in freshwater habitats regulate osmotic pressure by means of

expel excess water that has diffused into the cell

cells control center

atp generated in most eukaryotes is by

round or elongated particles scattered throughout the cytoplasm

found in plant and algae that are capable of converting the energy of sunlight into chemical energy through photosynthesesis

arranged in short chains called polyribosomes

staging areas for protien synthesis

flexible framework of molecules

3 main types of cytoskeletal elements are

long thin protein strands 7 nanometers in diameter located inside the cell membrane

responsible for contraction crawling pinching during cell division and formation of cellular extensions

long hollow tubes maintain the shape of the Eukary cell and transportation of substances from one cell to another

rope like structures that provide structural reinforcement to the cell and to organelles

muschrooms puffballs gill fungi

molds yeasts

tow types of microscopic fungi

long threadlike cells found in bodies of fliamentous fungi or molds

chain of yeast cells is fomed when buds remain attached in a row

primary pathogens

opportunistic pathogens

all fungi are

acquire nutrients from a wide variety of substrates

most fungi obtain substrates from dead plants animals in soil or aquatic habitats

fungi can also be

Fungi that grow as yeast at one temperature but will grow as mold at another temperature are called
A. Dimorphic
B. Saprobes
C. Pseudohyphae
D. Spores
E. Parasites

The woven, intertwining mass of hyphae that makes up the body of a mold is a/an
A. Septum
B. Rhizoid
C. Spore
D. Bud
E. Mycelium

What two categories of fungi cause human diseases?
A. Primary and secondary
B. Primary and vegetative
C. Opportunistic and primary
D. Secondary and opportunistic
E. Vegetative and reproductive

All of the following are found in some or all protozoa except
A. Motility
B. Ectoplasm and endoplasm
C. Heterotrophic nutrition
D. Formation of a cyst stage
E. Cell wall

The motile, feeding stage of protozoa is called the
A. Trophozoite
B. Cyst
C. Sporozoite
D. Oocyst
E. Food vacuole

The group of protozoa that have flagella are the
A. Sarcodina
B. Ciliophora
C. Mastigophora
D. Apicomplexa
E. None of the choices are correct

The group of protozoa that are not mobile are the
A. Sarcodina
B. Ciliophora
C. Mastigophora
D. Apicomplexa
E. None of the choices are correct

Chloroplasts are

Protists include
A. Yeasts and molds
B. Algae and protozoa
C. Helminths
D. All of the choices are correct
E. None of the choices are correct

Chitin is a chemical component of the cell walls of
A. Protozoa
B. Algae
C. Fungi
D. Bacteria
E. All of the choices are correct

The eukaryote cell membrane is composed of
A. Sterols
B. Proteins
C. Phospholipids
D. All of these
E. Only sterols and phospholipids

Chloroplasts are composed of membranous sacs called _____ that carry chlorophyll. Surrounding these sacs is a ground substance called _____.
A. Thylakoids, stroma
B. Granna, stroma
C. Cristae, stroma
D. Cristae, matrix
E. Thylakoid, matrix

The group of protozoa that are not mobile are the
A. Sarcodina
B. Ciliophora
C. Mastigophora
D. Apicomplexa
E. None of the choices are correct

The group of protozoa that use pseudopodia to move are the
A. Sarcodina
B. Ciliophora
C. Mastigophora
D. Apicomplexa
E. None of the choices are correct

Which is mismatched?
A. Giardia-transmitted by feces in drinking water
B. Histoplasma-causes Ohio Valley fever
C. Trichomonas-sexually transmitted
D. Plasmodium-causes Chagas disease
E. Trypanosomes -causes African sleeping sickness

Protozoan endoplasm contains
A. Ectoplasm
B. Mitochondria
C. Flagella
D. Oral groves
E. None of the choices are correct

Protozoan cysts
A. Are part of all protozoan life cycles
B. Are necessary for transmission to a new host
C. Are analogous to bacterial endospores
D. Are the primary form of replication
E. All of the choices are correct

Amoebic dysentery is most commonly contracted through the
A. Fecal oral route from contaminated food or water
B. Direct transmission from one host to another
C. Puncture wounds
D. Insect bites
E. None of the choices are correct

All of the following are helminths except
A. Pinworms
B. Flukes
C. Trypanosomes
D. Roundworms
E. Tapeworms

Which of the following does not pertain to helminths?
A. In kingdom Protista
B. Parasitic worms
C. Eggs and sperm used for reproduction
D. Often alternate hosts in complex life cycles
E. Have various organ systems

Larvae and eggs are developmental forms of
A. Protozoa
B. Algae
C. Helminthes
D. Fungi
E. None of the choices are correct

All of the following are helminths except
A. Tapeworms
B. Flukes
C. Flatworms
D. Round worms
E. All of the choices are helminthes

Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host?
A. Primary host
B. Secondary host
C. Definitive host
D. Transport host
E. Mating takes place in all hosts

Parasitic worms have a highly developed ______ system.
A. Digestive
B. Nervous
C. Respiratory
D. Muscular
E. Reproductive

Under extreme conditions some bacilli go into a dormant, non-vegetative state called__ formation.
A. ciliated
B. cytoplasmic streaming
C. ameobiod
D. endospore

The eukaryotic cell membrane is a bilayer of sterols.
True or False.

Chromosomes are generally not visible in the nucleus unless the cell is undergoing nuclear division.
True or False

The nuclear envelope is a single layer.
True or False.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum is studded with ribosomes.
True or False.

Eukaryotic mitochondria have their own 70S ribosomes and circular DNA.
True or False.

Algae are classified into Divisions based principally on their type of motility.
True or False.

Infections caused by fungi are called mycoses.

In humans, fungi can only infect the skin.
True or False

All fungi cause some kind of disease in plants and animals.
True or False.

There are no algae that can cause human disease.

All algae have chloroplasts.
True or False.

Fungi can reproduce both sexually and asexually.
True or False.