replacement water coming from the top to the bottom of the water column
downwellingz
transport of water to the left or right of the wind direction
Ekman transport
driven by gravity and modified by the Coriolis force
geostrophic flow
replacement water coming from the bottom to the top of the water column
upwelling
Benguela Current, West Wind Drift
B&E
California Current, Canary Current,
D&E
Gulf Stream, Kuroshio Current
C&D
True
Dynamic topography can be used to compute current direction and velocity.
True
The largest current by volume in the oceans is the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.
True
A circular pattern of surface water currents is called a gyre.
False
The Gulf Stream moves water away from the equator; the Benguela Current moves some of this same water back toward the equator.
True
In the northern hemisphere, Ekman transport pushes surface water to the right of the wind direction
False
An eastern boundary current is narrow and swift.
True
Downwelling may be the result of winds blowing parallel to a coastline.
False
Thermohaline circulation is wind-driven.
True
Deep ocean currents often move cold, dense water away from the poles.
False
The Mediterranean Sea has little influence on the water of the Atlantic Ocean.
True
Deep ocean water does travel across the equator.
True
Deep ocean water masses have characteristic temperatures and salinities.
True
The most dense ocean water is Antarctic Bottom Water.
True
All “Deep Water” masses in ocean basins originate in the Atlantic Ocean.
sverdrup.
The unit of measurement used to describe the rate at which a volume of ocean water moves in a current is a(n):
trade winds.
Equatorial currents are driven by the:
wind; the Coriolis effect and land
Surface ocean circulation is driven primarily by _______ and modified by ________.
Langmuir circulation
Convection cells driven by the relatively weak winds near the center of gyres are called:
Two circumpolar currents dominate it, one current that moves water to the east and one current that moves water to the west.
Which of the following is true of surface water circulation near Antarctica?
North Atlantic Ocean.
The Sargasso Sea is located in the:
cold core ring.
When a meander from the Gulf Stream pinches off and isolates a body of nearshore water, the resulting body of water is called a:
Labrador Current – Humbolt Current
Identify the mismatched pair.
flow from land to sea and are dry.
During winter months, monsoon winds over the Indian Ocean:
All the above statements are true of western boundary currents
Compared to an eastern boundary current in a gyre, which of the following statements is true for a western boundary current?
Brazil Current
Which of the following is a western boundary current?
Eastern boundary currents are broad and slow.
Compared to a western boundary current, which of the following statements is true for an eastern boundary current?
Gulf Stream
Which of the following is not an eastern boundary current?
gravity
Geostrophic circulation is within a gyre driven by:
All the above statements are associated with westward intensification.
Westward intensification is associated with:
upwelling.
Surface waters are pushed away from land and replaced by nutrient-rich bottom water through:
where deep ocean water currents are formed
Strong upwelling occurs in all of the following except:
nutrients and oxygen
Deep ocean water generally has high amounts of:
drought in the US Gulf coastal states.
The worldwide effects of El Niño include all the following except:
the relationship between sea surface temperature and high altitude pressure.
El Niño Southern Oscillation can best be described as:
drought and fires in Australia
The El Niño weather pattern is associated with:
wind.
The Ekman spiral results from friction and the Coriolis effect, while Ekman transport results from:
to the left of the wind direction.
In the southern hemisphere, the direction of Ekman transport is:
gravity-driven circulation.
Which type of flow works in opposition to Ekman transport in a gyre?
density differences.
Thermohaline circulation is driven by:
warmer, and higher in salinity.
Compared to Antarctic Bottom Water, North Atlantic Deep Water is:
in the Southern Ocean.
The location where water flows uninterrupted between the Pacific, the Atlantic, and the Indian Oceans is
Antarctic Intermediate Water, North Atlantic Deep Water, Antarctic Bottom Water
The arrangement of water masses in the southern Atlantic Ocean from the surface to the bottom is:
Gulf of Alaska, Agulhas Current, Peru Current, strong trade winds
Word Analysis. Examine the five words and/or phrases and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the one option that does not fit the pattern.
