consists of a single atom with a positive or negative charge
monatomic ion
produces a hydrogen ion when dissolved in water
acid
atom or group of atoms having a positive charge
cation
In any chemical compound, the masses of elements are always in the same proportion by mass.
law of definite proportions
tightly-bound group of atoms that behaves as a unit and carries a net charge
polyatomic ion
produces a hydroxide ion when dissolved in water
base
atom or group of atoms having a negative charge
anion
When two elements form more than one compound, the masses of one element that combine with the same mass of the other element are in the ratio of small, whole numbers.
law of multiple proportions
compound composed of two different element
binary compound
When naming a transition metal ion that can have more than one common ionic charge, the numerical value of the charge is indicated by a
Roman numeral following the name
Aluminum is a group 3A metal. Which ion does Al typically form?
Al ³⁺
The nonmetals of Groups 6A and 7A
Have a numerical charge that is found by subtracting 8 from the group number
Which of the following is NOT a cation?
Sulfate
In which of the following are the symbol and name of the ion given correctly?
OH⁻: hydroxide AND O²⁻:oxide
Which of the following correctly provides the names and formulas of polyatomic ions?
Chromate: CrO₄²⁻ AND Dichromate: Cr₂O₇²⁻
An -ate or -ite at the end of a compound name usually indicates that the compound contains
A polyatomic ion
Why are systematic names preferred over common names?
Common names don’t provide info about the chemical composition of the compound.
Which of the following compounds contains the Mn³⁺ ion?
Mn₂O₃
How are chemical formulas of binary ionic compounds generally written?
cation on left, anion on right
Which of the following is true about the composition of ionic compounds?
They are composed of anions and cations.
Which of the following formulas represents an ionic compound?
BaI₂
Which element, when combined with fluorine, would most likely form an ionic compound?
lithium
Which of the following show correctly an ion pair and the ionic compound the two ions form?
Fe³⁺, O²⁻; Fe₂O₃
Which of the following correctly represents an ion pair and the ionic compound the ions form?
Ca²⁺, F⁻; CaF₂
In which of the following is the name and formula given correctly?
stannic fluoride, SnF₄
Which of the following compounds contains the lead (II) ion?
PbO
Which set of chemical name and chemical formula for the same compound is correct?
tin (IV) bromide, SnBr₄
What is the correct formula for potassium sulfite?
K₂SO₃
Which set of chemical name and chemical formula for the same compound is correct?
iron (III) phosphate, FePO₄
What type of compound is CuSO₄?
polyatomic ionic
Which polyatomic ion forms a neutral compound when combined with a group 1A monatomic ion in a 1:1 ratio?
nitrate
Sulfur hexafluoride is an example of a
binary compound
Molecular compounds are usually
composed of two or more nonmetallic elements
Binary molecular compounds are made of two
nonmetallic elements
In naming a binary molecular compound, the number of atoms of each elements present in the molecule is indicated by
prefixes
Which of the following is a binary molecular compound?
PCl₅
Which of the following formulas represents a molecular compound?
SO₂
Consider a mystery compound having the formula M₀T₀. If the compound is not an acid, if it contains only two elements, and if M is not a metal, which of the following is true about the compound?
It is a binary molecular compound.
When dissolved in water, acids produce
hydrogen ions
When naming acids, the prefix hydro- is used when the name of the acid anion ends in
-ide
Which of the following shows both the correct formula and the correct name of an acid?
H₃PO₄, phosphoric acid
What is the name of H₂SO₃?
sulfurous acid
When the name of an anion that is part of an acid ends in -ite, the acid name includes the suffix
-ous
What is the formula for sulfurous acid?
H₂SO₃
What is the formula for phosphoric acid?
H₃PO₄
What is the formula for hydrosulfuric acid?
H₂S
Which of the following are produced when a base is dissolved in water?
hydroxide ions
In any chemical compound, the elements are always combined in the same proportion by
mass
Which of the following pairs of substances best illustrates the law of multiple proportions?
NO and NO₂
Select the formula for sulfur hexafluoride.
SF₆
What is the correct name for the compound CoCl₂?
cobalt (II) chloride
Suppose you encounter a chemical formula with H as the cation. What do you know about this compound immediately?
It is an acid.
What is the correct formula for calcium dihydrogen phosphate?
Ca(H₂PO₄)₂
What does an -ite or -ate ending in a polyatomic ion mean?
Oxygen is in the formula.
~non-metal and metal
~high boiling point
~high melting point
~conducts electricity when dissolved in water
~solid at room temp.
~high boiling point
~high melting point
~conducts electricity when dissolved in water
~solid at room temp.
5 Properties of Ionic Compounds
~non-metals
~low melting point
~low boiling point
~doesn’t conduct electricity when dissolved
~not solid at room temp.
~low melting point
~low boiling point
~doesn’t conduct electricity when dissolved
~not solid at room temp.
5 Properties of M. Compounds
