| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| -ectasis, -ectasia | dilation, (dilatation), widening |
| -emesis | vomiting |
| -pepsia | digestion |
| -phagia | eating, swallowing |
| -plasty | surgical repair |
| -ptysis | spitting |
| -rrhage, -rrhagia | bursting forth (of blood) |
| -rrhaphy | suture |
| -rrhea | flow, discharge |
| -spasm | involuntary contraction of muscles |
| -stasis | stopping,controlling |
| -stenosis | narrowing, tightening |
| -tresia | opening |
| bucc/o | cheek |
| cec/o | cecum (first part of the colon) |
| celi/o | belly; abdomen |
| cheil/o | lip |
| chol/e | bile; gall |
| cholangi/o | bile vessel |
| cholecyst/o | gallbladder |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct |
| col/o | colon |
| colon/o | colon (large intestine) |
| dent/i | tooth; teeth |
| duoden/o | duodenum |
| enter/o | intestines (usually small intestine) |
| esophag/o | esophagus |
| gastr/o | stomach |
| gingiv/o | gum |
| gloss/o | tongue |
| gluc/o | glucose; sugar |
| glyc/o | glucose; sugar |
| hepat/o | liver |
| herni/o | hernia |
| ile/o | ileum |
| jejun/o | jejunum |
| labi/o | lip |
| lingu/o | tongue |
| lip/o | fat (a type of lipid) |
| lith/o | stone; calculus |
| odont/o | tooth |
| or/o | mouth |
| palat/o | palate (roof of the mouth) |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| proct/o | anus and rectum |
| pylor/o | pylorus; pyloric sphincter |
| rect/o | rectum |
| sialaden/o | salivary gland |
| splen/o | spleen |
| steat/o | fat; sebum |
| stomat/o | mouth |
| alk phos | alkaline phosphatase |
| ALT, AST | alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase- enzymes measured to evaluate liver function |
| BE | barium enema |
| BM | bowel movement |
| BRBPR | bright red blood per rectum- hematochezia (Latin per means through) |
| CD | celiac disease |
| CT | Computed tomography |
| EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| EUS | endoscopic ultrasonography |
| FOBT | fecal occult blood test |
| G tube | gastrostomy tube; also called stomach tube and PEG tube- used to introduce nutrients into the stomach after insertion through the abdominal wall with laparoscopic instruments |
| GB | gallbladder |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis) |
| LAC | laparoscopic- assisted colectomy |
| LFTs | liver function tests- alk phos, bilirubin, AST, ALT |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| NG tube | nasogastric tube |
| NPO | nothing by mouth (latin nil per os) |
| PEG tube | percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube- feeding tube |
| PEJ tube | percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube- feeding tube |
| PTHC | percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography |
| PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
| TPN | total parenteral nutrition |
| T tube | tube placed in the bile duct for drainage into a small pouch (bile bag) on the outside of the body |
