Dental Radiology

asymptomatic abnormalities can be detected
lesions can be viewed which CANNOT be detected clinically
radiographic advantages
need to be in conjunction with clinical exam (history)
rads are 2D and may miss or mimic a pathological condition
radiographic limitations
We will write a custom essay sample on
Dental Radiology
or any similar topic only for you
Order now
trauma
resorption
pulp changes
periapical lesions
types of oral pathology
can be viewed as an injury produced by an external force and can affect crown, roots of teeth, or alveolar bone
trauma
ADA states that _____% of all injuries are sports related
39
_____ are more often affected by trauma than _____.
Males, females
most commonly involved tooth in trauma
maxillary central incisor
most often involve anterior teeth and can involve any aspect of the tooth
a dental image is helpful
crown fracture
crown fracture
crown fracture
less common than crown fractures
root fracture
root fracture
root fracture
root fractures are often in the _____
maxillary central area
root fractures can occur at _____ of the root
any level
jaw fractures are the result of _____
assault, athletics
a _____ is helpful when diagnosing a jaw fracture
panoramic
jaw fractures appear as a _____ on radiographs
radiolucent line
most common facial bone fracture
zygoma
second most common facial bone fracture
mandible
complication of mandible fracture
airway compromise
this is commonly injured when the mandible is fractured
condyle
a general term for whole body tooth movement
displacement
Abnormal displacement of teeth
luxation
abnormal displacement into bone
intrusion
intrusion
intrusion
abnormal displacement out of bone
extrusion
complete displacement of tooth from alveolar bone
avulsion
avulsion results in an _____
empty tooth socket
avulsion
avulsion
normal tooth eruption
physiological resorption
results from abnormal stimuli
pathological resorption
two types of pathological resorption
external and internal
occurs at the periphery of root
no treatment
asymptomatic
external resorption
trauma
chronic inflammation
tumors
cysts
impacted teeth
orthodontic treatment (especially Begg ortho)
causes of external resorption
radiographic appearance of external resorption
shorter tooth; lamina dura and bone appear normal
external resorption
external resorption
external resorption
external resorption
occurs within the pulp chamber
treatment: RCT/ extraction or Ca(OH)2
asymptomatic
internal resorption
trauma
pulp polyps
pulp capping
inflammation
causes of internal resorption
radiographic appearance of internal resorption
round to ovoid RL
internal resorption
internal resorption
pulpal sclerosis
pulpal obliteration
pulp stones
pulpal changes
decrease in pulp size (narrowing)
vital tooth
idiopathic or result of aging
no treatment
pulpal sclerosis
pulpal sclerosis
pulpal sclerosis
pulpal sclerosis
pulpal sclerosis
a _____ will respond to stimuli during pulp testing
vital tooth
a _____ will not respond to stimuli during pulp testing
non-vital tooth
stimuli used during pulp testing
hot or cold or electrical
during pulp testing, the pain goes away within 5 minutes if the pulp is _____
healthy
during pulp testing, the pain will linger if the pulp has _____
pulpitis
tooth has no visible pulp
tooth is non vital
no treatment
result of secondary dentin
pulpal obliteration
attrition, abrasion, caries, trauma, restorations
causes of pulpal obliteration
pulpal obliteration
pulpal obliteration
calcification in pulp of a vital tooth
idiopathic
no treatment
pulp stone
pulp stone
pulp stone
another name for pulp stones
denticles
pulp stones may be _____
attached or free
differentiate pulp stones from enamel pearls radiographically by _____
location and shape
enamel pearl
enamel pearl
periapical lesions can be _____
RL or RO
three types of RL periapical lesions
granuloma, cyst, abscess
localized inflammation of the pulp by bacteria
pulpitis
RL periapical lesions are caused by _____
pulpitis
diagnosis of RL periapical lesions are based on _____ evidence
clinical, radiographic, and microscopic
all RL periapical lesions begin as a ______
thickening of the PDL
RL periapical lesions advance to a ______ RL at the apex of the tooth
circular
RL periapical lesions _____ be differentiated radiographically
cannot
RL periapical lesion
RL periapical lesion
granulomas are the result of _____
pulpitis
chronically inflamed granulation tissue surrounded by a fibrous sac
occurs on a non-vital tooth that may be extruded
history of prolonged sensitivity to hot and cold
treatment – RCT/ extraction with currettage
granuloma
radiographic appearance of granuloma
thickening of PDL, lamina dura gone, diffuse to well circumscribed round or ovoid RL
granulomas can progress to _____
cyst or abscess
_____% of cysts are radicular cysts, making it the most common cyst
50 – 70
radicular cysts are the result of _____
pulpitis
radicular cysts are also called ______
periapical cyst
epithelium lined sac, filled with fluid or semi-fluid; degeneration of a granuloma
on a non-vital tooth that may be extruded
asymptomatic – NO history of sensitivity
treatment: RCT/ apioectomy or extraction with currettage
chronic radicular cyst
radiographic appearance of radicular cyst
lamina dura gone, round or ovoid RL, well circumscribed
a fluid filled pathological cavity (sac), lined with epithelium
cyst
epithelium lining a cyst is derived from the _____ residing in the PDL
rests of Malassez
result of pulpitis
localized collection of purulent exudate
can be acute or chronic
periapical abscess
purulent exudate
pus
non-vital tooth that is extruded
painful with constant, intense throbbing
sensitive to pressure, percussion, and heat
treatment: RCT/ extraction (drainage), antibiotic therapy
acute abscess
radiographic appearance of acute abscess
not always apparent; possible widening of PDL to RL
long-standing, low-grade pulpitis; result of granuloma or acute abscess
vital or non-vital tooth that may be extruded
can be asymptomatic or have history of sensitivity to hot and cold
pus drains through fistula in bone or PDL
treatment: RCT/ extraction (drainage), antibiotic therapy
chronic abscess
radiographic appearance of chronic abscess
round to ovoid RL; no lamina dura, with poorly defined borders
track
fistula
elevated skin containing pus
also called a gum boil
pustule
chronic abscess
chronic abscess
chronic abscess
chronic abscess
chronic abscess
chronic abscess
formal term for gum boil
parulis
sometimes mistaken for periapical RL, but is normal anatomy
mental foramen
radiographically, the mental foramen can be identified if _____ are visible
PDL and lamina dura
clinically, a RL can be determined to be the mental foramen using the ______
I&E and history
mental foramen
mental foramen
Do you have a sensitivity to hot or cold?
Does it go away quickly?
Dull ache or sharp pain?
Sensitivity to pressure or percussion?
How long have you noticed this?
questions to ask to determine if periapical abscess
condensing osteitis
sclerotic bone
hypercementosis
RO periapical lesions
ways to diagnose a RO periapical lesion:
radiographic appearance, clinical info, & history
general term for RO lesion
enostosis
also called chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis
condensing osteitis
history of long standing pulpitis
tooth with large caries or restoration
low-grade mild irritation
non-vital tooth
no treatment
condensing osteitis
most common radiopacity
condensing osteitis
radiographic appearance of condensing osteitis
well defined RO, does not appear to be attached to the tooth
another name for osteosclerosis or idiopathic periapical osteosclerosis
sclerotic bone
idiopathic
non-carious, vital tooth
asymptomatic
no treatment
sclerotic bone
radiographic appearance of sclerotic bone
RO lesion not attached to tooth (varies in size and shape)
condensing osteitis
non-vital tooth
large restoration
condensing osteitis
sclerotic bone
vital tooth
no caries
sclerotic bone
vital tooth that is asymptomatic
history of extrusion, inflammation, trauma, or idiopathic
no treatment
hypercementosis
radiographic appearance of hypercementosis
excess cementum on root surfaces; normal PDL and lamina dura; bulbous root
hypercementosis
normal PDL and lamina dura
hypercementosis
hypercementosis
normal PDL and lamina dura
hypercementosis
a benign neoplasm, appears as a diffuse RO associated with the tooth root and is surrounded by a RL halo
pain is common
benign cementoblastoma
commonly known as a cementoma
periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia
a benign fibro-osseous lesion
associated with middle age, black, females
asymptomatic
three stages
pulp test
no treatment
cementoma
three stages of cementoma
RL, mixed, RO
×

Hi there, would you like to get such a paper? How about receiving a customized one? Check it out