Early childhood is a stage in human development. It generally includes toddlers and some time afterwards. Play age Is an unspecific designation approximately within the scope tot early childhood. Some age-related development periods and examples of defined intervals are: newborn (ages 0-?4 weeks); infant (ages 4 weeks – 1 year); toddler (ages 1-3 years); preschooler (ages 4-6 years); school-aged child (ages 6-13 years); adolescent (ages 13-19) psychology the term “early childhood” is usually defined as the time period from the age of two until the age of six or seven years.
There are three simultaneous development stages: Physical growth and development[edit] In this phase there Is significant synaptic growth and amelioration of neural fibers In the brain, especially within the frontal lobes. For example, between the ages 2 and 6, the brain increases from of its adult weight to The growth of the brain is evolved by a surge In cognitive valuables. Around the age of five, children start speaking properly and master their hand to eye coordination.
It Is Important that an environment Is provided that encourages physical placement and allows the children to explore and try out new things, this is important for children of all ages. The physical development in children follows a pattern. The large muscles develop before the small muscles, the large muscles are used for walking and running and other physical activities, these are known as gross motor skills. Small muscles are used for fine motor skills such as picking up objects, writing, drawing, throwing and catching.
Cognitive growth and development[edit] Called the operational stage by Jean Planet, this Is the stage during which the hill repeatedly asks “Why? “, and is used to build relationships with the child. The child can’t yet perform the abstract thinking operations. The child has to be able to see what Is being talked about, because they do not understand the concepts of logic, betrayal. Contemplation, etc. This means that they think literally: if a child is told that they have to go to bed because “night is falling”, they will ask how can the night (literally) fall from the sky.
They also see the human characterless In every object, e. G. The table “is bad” If they accidentally hit it with their foot and it hurts. They also exhibit egocentrics; not to be confused with egoism; that being said, they do not comprehend that the other person has beliefs and the children at this age think that what they think, everybody thinks. There is also a matter of perceptive concentration. Which causes the children to primarily see what is visually most prominent on someone/something, e. G. It a man has long hair, the child will think he’s a woman.
Social-emotional growth and development[edit] This includes children understanding a sense tot ;self’, relationships with others and sociability. The emotional development includes expressions,attachment and personality. [5] Children manifest fear of dark and monsters and around the age of tenure notice winter teen are a DOD or a gal. Ana start acting Tanat way. Are usually more aggressive, whilst girls are more caring. However, aggression is manifested in two different ways: boys are more physically aggressive, while the girls are more socially aggressive (name-calling and ignoring).
In this stage the individual differences become more prominent. Physical Development[edit] Gross Motor Skills[edit] Between ages 2 and 3 years, young children stop using the awkward, wide-legged robot-like stance that is the hallmark of new walkers. As they develop a smoother gait, they also develop the ability to run, Jump, and hop. Children of this age can participate in throwing and catching games with larger balls. They can also push themselves around with their feet while sitting on a riding toy. 6] The period of the most rapid development of motor behaviors is the period between 2 and 6 years (also known as the preschool years). Skills that appear are basic comfort, ball-handling, fine eye-hand coordination, walking leads to running, jumping, hopping, galloping, and skipping, climbing evolves from creeping. Fine Motor Skills[edit] There are several developmental expectations for children to reach by the time they reach the age of 2. Children are expected to be able to draw simple shapes such as circles, squares and triangles. They should also be able to cut out such shapes as these.
By doing such activities as these develops the children’s fine motor skills, by strengthening there fingers and developing there finger control. 7] Fine Motor Skill Education Main article: Early childhood education Infants and toddlers experience life more holistically than any other age group[8] Social, emotional, cognitive, language, and physical lessons are not learned separately by very young children. Adults who are most helpful to young children interact in ways that understand that the child is learning from the whole experience, not Just that part of the experience to which the adult gives attention..
The most information learned occurs between birth and the age of three, during this mime humans develop more quickly and rapidly then they would at any other point in their life. Love, affection, encouragement and mental stimulation from the parents or guardians of these young children aid in development. At this time in life, the brain is growing rapidly and it is easier for information to be absorbed; parts of the brain can nearly double in a year. During this stage, children need vital nutrients and personal interaction for their brain to grow properly. Children’s brains will expand and become more developed in these early years.
Although adults play a huge part in early childhood development, the most important way children develop is interaction with other children. Children develop close relationships with the children they spend a large period of time with. Close relationships with peers develop strong social connections test can be transferred later in life, even children at an early age nave a preference AT whom teen want to Interact Walt or Tort Tarantellas Walt Hoses (1983) research suggested that there are distinctive characteristics of friendships, for infants, toddler and pre-school aged children. [9] Other definitions[edit]
