Economic Analysis of the Airline Industry Sample Essay

The air hose industry is one that is both dearly-won and necessary to the economic system. Costly because of the support provided by the authorities. recent layoffs ; which has a manus in lifting rising prices. covering with negative outwardnesss and high security hazards ; necessary because the easiness and velocity of air travel is needed to maintain states productive and competitory. It is a cardinal constituent to the economic system. Many concerns rely on air transit every bit good as consumers and persons employed within the industry. Without this signifier of accelerated transit. production necessary for economic growing would slow. Businesss would non be able to run into supply demands. The slack in the demand for air hose travel has been caused by events such as terrorist activity ; war related issues every bit good as infective disease eruptions such as SARS ( Leary. 2003 ) .

Even before these issues. the air hose industry faced fiscal battles after the passage of de-regulation which caused an addition in competition. “The Airline Deregulation Act enacted by Congress in 1978. has allowed the U. S. air hose industry to go the primary intercity mass transit system in this state ( Duke & A ; Torres. 2005 ) ” Deregulation eliminated governmental intervention in puting the monetary value of menus in the industry. Labor Supply and Demand

We will write a custom essay sample on
Economic Analysis of the Airline Industry Sample Essay
or any similar topic only for you
Order now

Wagess in the air hose industry have been an issue for many old ages because they continue to fluctuate up and down depending on current events such as bankruptcies. increased competition. a diminution in air travel and terrorist activity. Higher rewards in the air hose industry could be attributed to the presence of a Union. When brotherhoods are present. representatives are able to negociate higher rewards for employees every bit good has novice work stoppages and withhold labour until a desirable pay is offered. Because the industry is presently turning a net income. due to an addition in the demand for air hose travel. brotherhood leaders are in a better place to negociate better rewards for air hose employees.

The brotherhoods are merely able to make so much. Finally. rewards of air hose workers will and hold been cut. If an air hose is belly-up. the end of the air hose is to salvage the concern and make what is in the best involvement of portion holders. at the workers expense. Benefits have been cut every bit good.

Union members argue that the air hose industry is utilizing the events of 9/11 as the premier factor making pay inequality. It is utilizing the crisis as an alibi to cut occupations and lower rewards. while accepting support from the authorities to delve them out of a debt that they were in before any calamities following 9/11 occurred. An addition in the demand and supply for air hose forces has affected the equilibrium pay. Air travel is on the rise. so the industry offers higher rewards to pull quality appliers. Because rewards have somewhat increased. the labour supply and demand curve shifted to the right. Supply and Demand

Supply and demand can be measured by the market for air travel. that is. supply and demand can be measured based on how and what air travel is used for such as concern or leisure. Use of air travel is besides impacted by the distance that needs to be traveled. The demand for air travel should be somewhat higher for people necessitating to go longer distances.

After September 2001. there was a long stretch in which the supply exceeded the demand for air travel. doing a excess. To counterbalance for deficiency of demand. monetary values were cut and occupations were eliminated. The thought was to increase the demand for air travel by diminishing menus.

Presently. monetary values are on the rise once more as the demand for air travel additions ( Reed. 2006 ) . Consumers feel safer with increased security. authorities intercession and enhanced safety safeguards. Besides. as monetary values for menus addition. the supply curve slopes upward. Price Elasticity and Income Elasticity of Demand

The monetary value snap of demand for the Airline industry is considered to be elastic. This is because air travel is non the lone means of transit. A individual would wish the velocity and convenience of travel by air. but other transit options exist. Air travel is both a luxury and a necessity depending on the intent of its usage. For the intent of holidaying or sing friends and household. air travel could be considered a luxury. but for the person or company who relies on the velocity of air travel to finish concern minutess. it would be considered a necessity. The supply and demand of air travel is impacted by several factors. Air travel is a normal good. The demand for air travel can decrease somewhat because there are other agencies of safer transit available. The demand can besides diminish if it becomes excessively unaffordable. Consumers with a higher income are able to pass more clip holidaying with the usage of air transit. Air travel can be substituted with other signifiers of transit if the income of the consumer lessenings.

The monetary value snap of supply for the Airline industry nevertheless. is inelastic because even with the displacements in demand for air travel. which were caused by events such as the 9/11 onslaughts and high gasolene monetary values. the rates and menus for air travel are able to be set without being effected by those events.

The air hose industry provides a transit resource as a public service. There is minimum competition from smaller flight suppliers and even less since 2001. An air port and the services provided within the air hose industry could be considered both a public good and a natural monopoly because it is non- challenger. and excludable. A individual may be prohibited from utilizing an air hoses services under certain fortunes. such as being restricted or unable to book a flight. but it is non rival because its usage by one individual does non forestall others from utilizing it.

Positive and Negative Outwardnesss of the Airline Industry
In the air hose industry. minutess between clients and the air hose cause both negative and positive outwardnesss. While negative outwardnesss include things such as air pollution. air traffic congestion. noise pollution. terrorist menaces and a lessening in the belongings value of environing countries. there is besides the positive outwardness of an addition in economic growing with the usage air hose travel. Negative Outwardnesss

One of the most publicised negative outwardnesss in the air hose industry has been caused by the issue of terrorist onslaughts. The economic system has been affected by a lessening in air travel due to these events. Because of the lessening in air travel. there were many occupations lost because of stealing grosss. The grosss that were lost by the touristry industry were over 50 billion dollars: a immense economic impact. In order to battle the economic impact of terrorist act. attempts have been made by the authorities to increase air hose security. Attempts have besides been made by the air hoses by offering highly low rates. price reductions and the frequent circular stat mis plan as an inducement. These attempts have helped resuscitate the air hose industry. and for the first clip since the immense slack in the industry began. it has been able to turn a net income ( AFP. 2007 ) .

The economic system is impacted by the negative outwardness of pollution from jet fuel. Governments are seeking for ways to diminish this outwardness by make up one’s minding whether or non to revenue enhancement jet fuel. Taxing jet fuel is a manner of internalising this negative outwardness. A rise in the cost of jet fuel will impact the economic system significantly. Many air hoses are already enduring financially with their current operating costs. If the monetary value of jet fuel is increased and taxed. many people believe that it will diminish air travel every bit good as bound the figure of new air hoses being developed. diminishing the sum of competition. This will in bend cut down the sum of harmful emanations from heavy air travel which includes C dioxide. every bit good as N and S dioxides. The emanations that cause pollution adds another economic issue: happening support to develop ways to battle the effects of air pollution.

Unintentionally. the air hose industry affects the quality of life in many ways. The negative outwardness of reduced belongings values because of the location of some airdromes cause many belongings proprietors unwanted emphasis. Peoples are forced to sell their places for less than the just market value because of the air hose industry. There are besides state of affairss where authoritiess take ownership of belongings to spread out airdromes. Negative outwardnesss seem to bring forth more promotion because they are noticeable and more open. The positive outwardnesss are hidden. but have great benefits to 3rd parties and the economic system. Positive Outwardnesss

Air travel promotes economic growing. It helps to excite trade. better productiveness and attract investings. There is the added benefit of faster travel clip. every bit good as better efficiency for providers and purchasers who are able to transport larger sums of their goods. to a wider sum of finishs: to topographic points unapproachable without the aid of air travel. Increases in air travel besides helps economically through the revenue enhancement of the industry by the authorities. The air hose Industry supplies many occupations. and continues to make so as travel conditions become safer and recover from past frights of terrorist act. The addition in occupations helps the economic system. Increase in air travel besides gives the industry the ability to offer lower rates to clients. which besides boosts economic conditions. “When the monetary value of a good lessenings. the demand for it increases. Mankiw. 2004 ) ”

Many concerns rely on air hoses to last and stay profitable. The concern minutess from many companies who utilize air travel do their portion to lend to the economic system. Consumer Price Index

The pecuniary and financial policies that the authorities has development were designed to increase public disbursement and increase air hose travel. These policies include diminishing revenue enhancement liabilities for concerns and persons every bit good as take downing involvement rates as an attempt to hike consumer disbursement. Before certain pecuniary and financial policies were developed to battle the recession after the events of 9/11. many air hose workers lost occupations and many other consumers stopped passing money for the fright that they excessively would lose their occupations or some of their benefits. There was besides the issue of safety in air travel. Before pecuniary and financial policies were implemented. air hoses that late had to let go of a batch of workers. were able to rehire a little per centum of workers and increase security because of fiscal aid from the authorities. and reduced flight rates. Lowering flight rates has proven to be reasonably effectual for increasing air hose travel. Employment rates were able to increase somewhat. but the growing rate has had an opposite consequence. Before fiscal trouble increased in the air hose industry after 9/11. there were a figure of new entrants into the air hose industry that were going more competitory. Some of the policies make it less desirable for new entries into the air hose industry. such as a immense revenue enhancement on jet fuel. Decision

No other industry has had a larger economic impact than the Airline Industry. Its influence stretches from lending to increased unemployment rates. an addition in rising prices: the air hose has lost over $ 40 billion dollars since the 9/11 onslaughts ( Wallace. 2007 ) . alterations in pecuniary and financial policies and the debut of negative outwardnesss. chiefly air pollution. While the negative outwardnesss are widely publicized and to a great extent debated. the non so evident positive outwardnesss appear to be the 1s that have a larger impact on the economic system. The failures in the air hose industry have caused alterations to many markets. consumers and other countries. Even the U. S. pecuniary system is affected by the success or failure of the air hose industry. The occupation supply non merely decreased in the air hose industry. but in other countries that rely on air travel to keep a thriving concern. Airlines provide a agency for many concerns to run and merchandise with other states. Major beginnings of income in the United States were halted when jobs worsened in the air hose industry. The air hose industry affects the economic system more than any other because about all other chief industries rely on the Transportation industry. The air hose industry may really good be our states economic life support.

Mentions

AFP. ( 2007 ) Airline industry easy emerging from fiscal convulsion
hypertext transfer protocol: //www. keepmedia. com/pubs/AFP/2007/01/23/2607505? cl=true & A ; pbl=163 Air
Transport Association of America. ( 2007 ) . ATA 2007 Economic Q & A ; A and Industry Update. Retrieved March 8. 2007 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. air hoses. org/economics/review_and_outlook/ATA2007EconOutlookQandA. htm Burson-Marsteller Brussels. ( September. 2004 ) The air hose industry – Bettering the Climate for European Flag Carriers. Retrieved. February 9. 2007 from

hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bmbrussels. be/box_bmairline. php
Department of Finance Canada. ( 2004 ) . Air Travel Demand Elasticities: Concepts. Issues and Measurement: 1. Retrieved January 24. 2007 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. five. gigahertz. ca/consultresp/Airtravel/airtravStdy_1e. hypertext markup language Duke. J. . Torres. V. . ( 2005 ) . Monthly Labor Review. Multifactor productiveness alteration in the air transit industry. Retrieved March 2. 2007. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bls. gov/opub/mlr/2005/03/art3exc. htm

Investopedia. ( 2007 ) . The Industry Handbook: The Airline Industry. Retrieved March 8.
2007 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. leg. province. manganese. us/lrl/issues/nwa. asp
Leary. M. ( 2003 ) . NewsWeek. Flying Above The Clouds. Retrieved. February. 22. 2007. from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. keepmedia. com/pubs/Newsweek/2003/06/23/307565/ ? extID=10047 & A ; data=airline_industry & A ; gclid=CL-cwMDG-ooCFRYcSQodvx7dEg Meyer. J. ( 2003 ) Labor and the Airline Crisis. Retrieved February 21. 2007 from

hypertext transfer protocol: //www. laborresearch. org/story. php? id=282
Reed. D. . ( 2006 ) . USA Today. World air hose industry retrieving. Retrieved. March 11. 2007 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. keepmedia. com/pubs/USATODAY/2006/03/23/1300404? cl=true & A ; pbl=163 Schipper. Y. . Rietveld. P. . Economic and Environmental Effects of Airline Deregulation

Retrieved. February 9. 2007 from hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Tinbergen. nl/discussionpapers/97031. pdf Wallace. ( 2007 ) . SeattlePi. com. Airline industry expects to turn net income. Retrieved. March 10. 2007 from. hypertext transfer protocol: //seattlepi. nwsource. com/business/306929_iata10. hypertext markup language

×

Hi there, would you like to get such a paper? How about receiving a customized one? Check it out