There are many types of tegument infection which can be influence by environmental factor. Most of the skin infection arrived from fungal, barm, bacterial and parasite. Even for environment require biological or physical mechanisms to distribute. ( 25 ) The major beginnings of mechanisms that contaminating by environmental factor are air, H2O and the latter animate being, bird and insect vectors. ( 25 ) The environmental factor can be include physical burn and hot clime.
The burn are a signifier of injury that leave the tegument at increased hazard of infection. ( 29 ) The common bacterial that grow on the burn are Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ( 29 ) Furthermore there is disease such as Bullous impetigo. This disease is caused by Staphylococcus aureus. They are the gram positive coccus that are microscopically observed as single beings. ( 32 ) S. aureus causes disease through tissue invasion and toxic production. Furthermore the consequence of the toxic green goods by S. aureus can be distant from the focal point of infection or colonisation. ( 32 ) They are largely occurs in the newborn as cysts that quickly expand/enlarge into delicate blister that rupture which go forthing an eroding with a environing curst. ( 30 ) Impetigo is an acute disease, it can be contagious, it is superficial pyogenic tegument infection that commonly occurs largely in kids. This disease is largely active in hot humid clime. ( 31 ) Patients with impetigo have history of minor injury such as insect bites, itchs and chickenpox. ( 31 ) Treatment for Bullous impetigo are prescription-strength antibiotic unction mupirocin. ( 33 ) However for the failure of unwritten antibiotics mean that the infection is cause by the methicillin-resistant S. aureus ( MRSA ) . ( 30 )
Another type of bacterial tegument infection is ecthyma gangrenosum. This disease is caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. ( 30 ) this infection can caused secondary disease such as neutropenia, haematological malignances, immunodeficiency syndromes, chemotherapy, Burnss or indwelling catheters. ( 30 ) This can be found in anogentital countries. The advancement of the disease can be hemorrhagic blister which rupture and go ulcers with eschar. ( 30 ) The antipseudomonal penicillin is appropriate for the causative while the causative agent is being established.
Another type of skin infection cause by environment factor is the fungous infection. ( 27 ) Fungal infections are normally found in tegument and an organ system exposed to an environmental abuse. ( 30 ) the common fungous infection in hot clime is candidal intertigo. This is cause by Candida which is usually found in the tegument and mucous membrane. ( 30 ) The most infective are the Candida. albicans. C. albicans prefer high humidness country for the optimal growing as maceration in those countries affords to easier perpendicular incursion into the tissue. ( 30 ) Candida infections of the genital organ could be warm, hot, damp, dry and psoriasifor. ( 30 ) To able to name a fungous infection, the specimens should be taken by grating the border wounded country. Than the simple should be presenting it to laboratory for microscopy. ( 29 ) the microscopy testing should been prepared by digestion of ceratin in the specimen with K hydrated oxide solution to expose any fungous organic structures present. ( 29 ) Candida barm is normal flor of the oral cavity, digestive piece of land and vagina that normally causes no injury. However in certain status Candida can overgrow on mucose membranes and damp countries of tegument. The most country that effected are the liner of the oral cavity, the inguen, the axillas, the tegument under chest of the adult females and the skin crease of the tummy. ( 34 ) wellness profession can place moniliasis by looking at its typical roseola or the midst, white, pastelike residue it generate. ( 34 ) This fungous infection can be easy treated by topical imidazole fungicidal drug such as clotrimazole pick. ( 26 )
In add-on parasite can do a great trade of infection associating to clamber. Mosquitoes, flea and ticks are non merely seize with teeth it can besides go septic with aggressive pathogens or it can present arthropod-borne pathogens including malaria and terrible viral infections. ( 26 ) Most of the arthropod and insect bites are come from the hot, humid and typical environment. Common beginning of parasite disease are caused by Hymenoptera. Hymenoptera contain WASP, hornets, bees and emmets. ( 30 ) they have membranous wings and venoms that contain proteinaceous allergens, formic acid and kinins. ( 28 ) The most serious hazard for persons allergic to hymenopterid stings is anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis should be treated carefully with adrenaline. ( 30 ) In typical state there are many people surfer from lymphatic filariasis as the disease is transmitted throw by mosquitos. The disease is caused by the yarn like parasitic filarial worms call Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi. ( 35 ) Therefore by holding back waste system and H2O conveyance system in the metropolis could give better chance for mosquito to turn. This could ensue in more disease carried. For typical state such south East Asia and in-between Africa there are more people with elephantiasis. Since those state are still developing the cleanness of the state is non to the degree with those of developed state. ( 35 ) Elephantiasis destroys the balance of the fluid of the organic structure and can do lay waste toing the painful manifestation. Furthermore it can take to swelling of the arm, leg, chest and puffiness of the scrotum. ( 35 ) The parasite can populate in the organic structure for old ages without demoing any symptom. Those chronic sick persons with the most terrible symptoms tend to be grownup. To able to handle this disease is by a combination of albendazole and diethylcarbamazine. ( 35 ) By holding loose vesture is a utile barrier against mosquitoes, files and ticks. ( 26 ) Insect repellants can besides be used on tegument which are non cover by the vesture. The most effectual of all insect repellants is DEET ( N, N-diethylmetatoluamide ) .
Other common types of parasite cause skin infection are the itchs. The touch cause itchs are Sarcoptes scabiei. Scabies itself cause major hurt by interrupting down of the cuticle as it is due to tunneling of the touchs. ( 36 ) It is become easier for secondary infective bacteriums to acquire into to the portals which serve by abrasion. ( 36 ) Most of the secondary infection are cause by group A streptococcus ( Streptococcus pyogenes ) . ( 36 ) Scabiess are good cognize throw out the century by many topographic points in the universe such in China, India, and the Middle East. ( 36 ) This disease is transmitted by contact to reach so therefore it play major function by overcrowding and poorness therefore it is of import to hold good hygienic policy have to be placed. ( 36 ) To forestall itchs from epidemic catastrophe the wellness squad of the state should look into the environmental, figure of suites pre house and figure of occupants in the house including the pets. By holding clean H2O and clean waste disposal will better the bar of the Scabies doing touchs.
There are many environment factors affecting in tegument. Most of them are serious and some of them are non life threating every bit much. Skin is a really of import defense mechanism in organic structure. By holding infection and diseases it will be more vulnerable for other encroachers to come in the organic structure. This will ensue in more serious jobs.
