Estimation of Stature from Footprint Measurements in Adult Population of Multan Region Essay

Appraisal OF STATURE FROM FOOTPRINT MEASUREMENTS IN ADULT POPULATION OF MULTAN REGION

Abstraction

Introduction

A dramatic characteristic of the human organic structure is that it exhibits genetically determined proportion amongst its assorted parts. The ratios between organic structure sections and with tallness of the individual are age, sex and race dependant¹. Therefore the footmark of a individual may stand for his/her individuality. Footprints could be available at a offense scene and may supply utile hint to the individuality of the culprit. Research workers have found a really strong and dependable correlativity between pes and footmarks and the stature of a individual^2-4. It is hence possible to cipher the tallness of a individual from footmarks. Since the morphological characteristics of the pes in male and female population of a certain part is different from others, no cosmopolitan expression can be used for this intent⁵.

Assorted measurings of the pes and footmark have been used for stature measuring but toes to list length have been found to be more dependable⁶. These surveies have shown a really high correlativity between assorted toes to list measurings and tallness of a individual. The truth of the arrested development equation was found to be really near to the existent tallness of the individual when verified. Toes to mend measurings of the footmark therefore are non merely normally available at a offense scene but besides provide a utile tool for appraisal of stature in a certain geographical location.

Despite its significance and practical usage small is known refering the footmark measurings and their correlativity with the tallness in male and female population in the Multan part. This survey, foremost of its sort, was hence undertaken to enter baseline informations on such measurings for future mention and forensic application.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The survey was conducted on 672 consented grownup persons ( 430 males and 242 females ) that volunteered from in and around the metropolis of Multan in Southern Punjab. The topics were seemingly healthy and without any malformation of pess and belonged to different socio-economic strata. The age of the topics ranged from 20-62 old ages. Following measurings were recorded:

1: Height

The tallness of the person was measured by Seca 213 portable stadiometer between vertex and the floor, when the individual was standing erect, in anatomical place and the caput in the Frankfort plane, utilizing a standing tallness mensurating instrument. Height was measured to the nearest 0.1 centimeter.

2: Footprints

For taking footprint feelings following measure were taken:

• Observations were recorded by the same writer ( MNC )
• Feet were observed for being clean and dry ; if non the topics were asked to rinse with soap and dry their pess
• Quick-drying ink was quoted by agencies of a roller onto a glass home base
• The topic stepped lightly on the glass home base and the onto a apparent white paper shhet placed alongside
• Mid-rear heel point ( P ) and anterior points of all five toes were marked on the paper before the topic lifted the pes
• Measurements from the point P to the most anterior point of each toe were recorded

3: Abbreviations used for foot feeling measurings

RHT1: Right mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 1^sttoe

RHT2: Right mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 2^neodymiumtoe

RHT3: Right mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 3^rdtoe

RHT4: Right mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 4^Thursdaytoe

RHT5: Right mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 5^Thursdaytoe

LHT1: Left mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 1st toe

LHT2: Left mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 2nd toe

LHT3: Left mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 3rd toe

LHT4: Left mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 4th toe

LHT5: Left mid-rear heal point ( P ) to most anterior point of the 5th toe

4: Statistical analysis

The informations were analyzed utilizing PASW Statistics version 18 ( Predictive Analytic Software ) . Bilateral dissymmetry if any was calculated for each footmark measuring and tested for significance utilizing one sample t-test. Pearson’s correlativity coefficients between assorted footmark length measurings and stature were obtained for male and female topics. The informations were analyzed by utilizing spread graphs drawn by plotting footprint lengths against stature showing the relationship between the footmark length and stature

Consequence

Table 1:Height and age of topics

*PE‚ 0.05

Table 2: Footprint measurings in the male topics [ Mean ± SD ( n=430 ) ] .

Table 3: Footprint measurings in the female topics [ Mean ± SD ( n=242 ) ] .

Table 4: Gender specific additive arrested development theoretical accounts for stature anticipation [ Stature = a + B ( ten ) ] from footmark measurings in males in centimetres.

Table 5: Gender specific additive arrested development theoretical accounts for stature anticipation [ Stature = a + B ( ten ) ] from footmark measurings in females in centimetres.

Table 6: Gender specific additive arrested development theoretical accounts for stature anticipation [ Stature = a + B ( ten ) ] from footmark measurings for combined males and females in centimetres.

Discussion

Mentions

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2. Mohanty BB, Agrawal D, Mishra K, Samantsinghar P, Chinara PK. Appraisal of tallness of an person from foot length: a survey on the population of Odisha. Int J Rev Sci 2012 ; 2: 69–74.
3. Robbins LM. Estimating tallness and weight from size of footmarks. J Forensic Sci 1986 ; 31:143– 52.
4. Kanchan T, Krishan K, Shyamsundar S, Aparna KR, Jaiswal S. Analysis of footmark and its parts for stature appraisal in Indian population. The Foot 2012 ; 22: 175–80.
5. Nataraja Moorthy T, Mazidah K, Hadzri M, Jayaprakash PT. Appraisal of stature based on foot length of Malays in Malaysia. Aust J Forensic Sci 2011 ; 43: 13–26.
6. Hilmi O, Yasemin B, Cannan D, Akin T, Mehmet E. Stature and sex estimation utilizing pes and shoe dimensions. Forensic Sci Int 2005 ; 147:181–4