Fanshawe Gate Farm Individual Report Geography Essay

Introduction

It is of import in this study to foreground the relevancy of GIS ( Geographic Information System ) and Remote detection, that is exlaining the function of distant feeling in species wellness of an ecological country by the usage of electromagnetic spectrum, therefore to find whether distant detection and GIS engineerings could be used to pattern a habitat distribution or demo the prevalence or disrtibution of a works or carnal species.

Although, to guarantee long term sustainability of a healthy ecosystem, a holistic attack is needed in turn toing multiple issues refering land usage, entree, diversion, and the most of import of all the protection of the ecological features of the country must be considered in mangenent planning of an ecological country. Delparte, D.M. ( 1996 ) .

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As such GIS can help in this procedure through the built-in power of GIS as an analytical tool, therefore the challenges involved in developing a functional GIS is to ease a protected countries direction determination doing given an case with the fanshawe gate farm, by stand foring solutions obtained through wide-ranging informations use and analysis in a clear and concise format. However, implementing direction schemes will prolong the ecological unity of fanshawe gate farm.

Harmonizing to John R, and Andrew J ( 2010 ) , the fanshawe gate farm is a little non-intensively managed farm animal farm, the fanshawe gate farm was entered into the countryside stewardship strategy about four old ages ago under the instruction entree proviso, nevertheless, the state side stewardship adviser recommended to the proprietor to seek for advice on direction of the farm through preserving and preservation of the ecological environment of the country, that is taking attention of the flowered and fauna community of the country.

In add-on study of grassland of fanshawe gate farm was conducted utilizing NVC methodological analysis was undertaken in 2002, and there is no study that has been carried out on the presence of zoology ( animate beings ) in the farm. The present proprietors purchased the farm in 1992, at that clip the land was in hapless status which in bend affected the ecological distribution of home grounds of workss and animate being in the farm. The proprietors were really much in favor of nature preservation and have attempted to guarantee that direction is considerate towards conserving the natural home ground of the farm. However, the proprietors have other employment so the direction of the land is left to a local husbandman as such this tend to be a pending job in conserving and direction of the farm, therefore, curtailing their control over the item of direction of the farm. Fanshawe Gate Farm lies to the south West of Sheffield. John R, and Andrew J ( 2010 ) ,

Below is a map demoing the boundaries of the fanshawe gate farm

Fanshawe Gate Farm Boundaries

The map above shows the boundaries of the fanshawe gate farm demoing the countries which were entered into the Countryside Stewardship Scheme.

From the above map it clearly shows the boundaries of the Fanshawe gate farm and countries which were entered into the Countryside Stewardship Scheme, the countries from the map above with the blues lines are the countries entered into the Countryside Stewardship Sheme, and it is divided into Fieldss 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, .

In add-on, harmonizing to John R and Andrew, J ( 2010 ) it is believed that Fieldss 1, 2 and 4 were cultivated shortly after the Second World War but have non been ploughed in the last 50 old ages. The Fieldss are managed for silage with a cut taken in late June. The Fieldss are so grazed in the fall, nevertheless, Field 3 was ploughed in 1992 and a harvest of murphies grown. The field was so re-sown with grass, it did non turn out easy to acquire the grass to re-establish and it was non until 1994 when the grass was under sown to a wheat harvest ( i.e. a grass wheat mix was sown and the wheat later harvested go forthing the grass ) that an acceptable turf was achieved.

Field 3 is managed for silage with a cut usually taken in late June. More so, the output is non good and so it is non possible to take a harvest every twelvemonth. Field 3 is grazed in the fall.

And eventually, William claude dukenfields 5 and 6 of Fanshawe gate farm are known non to hold been ploughed for at least 50 old ages and, given the inclines of parts of these Fieldss, may ne’er hold been cultivated. They are used for croping. Field 7 was antecedently managed as grazing land ; nevertheless, the country has been wholly unmanaged for at least 12 old ages.

Haven highlighted the relevant background of Fanshawe Gate Farm ; the major undertaking of this study is to bring forth a description of land entered into the Countryside Stewardship strategy at fanshawe gate farm by doing usage of GIS ( Geographic Information System ) techniques, co-ordinates of 106 points where taken at different point on the farm with the assistance of a GPS to happen the presence of two species of Tormentil ( Potentilla erecta ) and Heath bedstraw ( Gallium saxatile ) , in add-on a quadrat sampling was performed utilizing a quadrat.

GIS technique utilizing choropleth map is applied to demo the copiousness of a species at each point, as such this will supply information on the distribution of these species, it was besides possible to extrapolate the distribution of species between the sample points, all these processs would be higlighted in due class in the study.

GPS ( GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM ) :

Technological inventions have improved the methods by which positional information can be obtained, circling the universe today are orbiters whose places are known with great truth, therefore these orbiters receive wireless transmittals from Fieldss units on Earth and return a signal that is processed by a nearby land station which is so sent to the field unit as a set of co-ordinates. Demers, M, N. ( 2005 ) .

In add-on, the co-ordinates give the positional location every bit good as the elevational location, which provide a really utile set of informations while executing the quadrant sampling of happening out the presence of the two species of Tormentil ( Potentilla erecta ) and Heath bedstraw ( Gallium saxatile ) on the fanshawe gate farm. The GPS depends for its truth and preciseness on the figure of sattelites. As such the GPS is used to give the positional information in a fixed co-ordinate in order to obtain the presence of the two works species, because the GPS is an of import beginning of primary informations input to the GIS database particularly primary informations beginnings as in the instance of point cordinates obtained in fanshawe gate farm.

GIS APPLICATION

An increasing figure of GIS practioners are detecting the improved public-service corporation og GIS as a method of visualising spacial and spatio-temporal information DeMers, ( 2002 ) , nevertheless there are capableness of GIS to expose geographic forms, as in the instance of exposing raster maps that show the distribution of species in the fanshawe gate farm.

In add-on a similar form is through the usage of a scope of distant feeling techniques correlated to the usage of GPS devices on-board tractors and other farm machinery, the detectors relay electromagnetic signals designed to observe, for illustration lack in foods of workss, countries of pest harm or location in the field necessitating extra drainage, as such the GPS provides elaborate information about precisely where, within the Fieldss these locations occur. DeMers, M.N ( 2005 ) .

GEOREFERENCING

It is of import to explicate the relevancy of Georeferncing in GIS, since it is critical to place specific location in the surface of the Earth and measuring of these locations, because geographic location is the facet that differentiates geographic information from other types of information, which is in bend relevant for creative activity of a utile geographic information.

Any signifier of geographic information must imply some sort of georeferenced, therefore it is of import to understand the regular methods used in georeferencing and besides understand the virtues and demerits of utilizing such methods. Many of GIS application strongly depends on accurate georeferencing, that is the ability to associate different points of information together through common geographic location, nevertheless, it is the capableness to mensurate distances on the surface of the Earth which will in turn perform more hard signifiers of analysis, and the ability to pass on geographic information in ways that can be understood easy. Longley et Al, ( 2005 ) .

Methodology

The kernel of transporting out quadrat trying in fanshawe gate farm is to happen out the presence of two works species that is:

  • Tormentil ( Potentilla erecta )
  • Heath bedstraw ( Gallium saxatile )

in the home ground of fanshawe gate farm. It is normally impossible to travel and number each and every works coinage nowadays in the farm, as such in order to work out the job of happening out the presence of these two species in fanshawe gate farm the job was solved by taking a figure of samples from around the home ground of fanshawe gate farm. In order to moderately be certain that the consequences from the samples taken do stand for the presence of these two works species of tormentil and heath bedstrow, a quadrat sampling was conducted utilizing the quadrat as the sampling unit because the quadrat usually dwell of a square frame.

The chief intent of utilizing the quadrat in the sampling of these two works species in fanshawe gate farm is to enable a comparable sample to be obtained of the two different works species from the country of the consistent size and form. The square frame quadrat used in the sampling was divided into nine multiple squares in which six square boxes where used to happen the presence of the two works species in six of the square boxes.

In add-on, grid points of 106 where used which were identified utilizing the GPS to happen the each of the grid point, the presence of each of the two species was recorded for each of the 106 point in the home ground of fanshawe gate farm.

Since, we are traveling to integrate GIS techniques in exposing the presence of the two workss species which will in bend improve the cognition of environmental determination devising intents by using and accommodating GIS methods and techniques runing from exposing the information collected of the two workss species to bring forth a choropleth map demoing the copiousness of a coinage at each point.

Although, GIS technique of insertion is used to extrapolate the distribution of the species in the home ground of fanshawe gate farm, a broad scope of GIS techniques is available runing from the usage of ArcGIS as package bundle of GIS, which makes it possible to execute the insertion of the information of the works species to raster utilizing two techniques:

  1. Inverse Distance Weighting ( IDW )
  2. Natural Neighbours.

Harmonizing to Dominy and Brean ( 2001 ) believes that the integrating of Geographic Information System and GPS engineering has expanded to a great figure of ecological and preservation application, nevertheless they further identified some jobs associated to the usage of these engineerings like the trouble of quality response beneath a dense wood and a grade of spacial mistake which is unacceptable to fine-scale flora function.

Although, harmonizing to Scholten and De lepper ( 1991 ) expressed that the usage GIS in ecological context tends to be more complicated in:

  • Storing, managing and integrating spatially referenced informations associating to indicate ( e.g. single tree species or works species ) lines ( e.g. river, route ) and polygon ( e.g. forest boundaries, home ground types, territorial scopes.
  • Conducting spacial questions ( e.g. seeking for countries in which a peculiar species or characteristics occurs
  • Prosecuting in geographic analysis ( e.g. statistical analysis of relationship between home ground and generative success and
  • Exposing informations in the signifier of high quality maps.

The images below where produced utilizing ArcGIS, which are images demoing the distribution of Heath bedstraw ( Gallium saxatile ) in the Fansahwe gate farm in different period of times of 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2004 from which comparing of the distribution of species between the four twelvemonth can be made, as such it is possible to interprete alterations that occur in the copiousness of the species by ocular comparing of the raster images nevertheless, ArcGIS as a GIS package is able to do more precise comparing.

Slope of the Fanshawe Gate Farm

Slope has a negative relationship, bespeaking that lower lifts tended to hold higher dirt birthrate across the survey site. These consequences coincided with the positive correlativity between lift and sand. The ruddy country shows high incline of the country while green country shows less incline.

Aspect of the Fanshawe Gate Farm:

Shows that where the farm got high incline is confronting toward Northwest.

Aspect-induced differences in visible radiation, heat, wet and edaphically conditions produced a kind of possible species during enlisting. Aspect shows where the incline is confronting. From the figure it can be analysed the incline is confronting more towards North and Northwest.

above shows the country solar radiation the farm received from November to January. Where the incline confronting North and North West received less solar radiation as indicates by the bluish coloring material in the above figure. This is the country which contain high incline and is confronting towards Northwest as bespeaking from

Area solar radiation shows that the incline confronting North and Northeast more solar radiation than any other incline on the Fanshawe Gate farm. In winters the same country received less sum of solar radiation as comparison to summer.

REFREENCES

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  2. SCHOLTEN, H. J. , and DE LEPPER M. J. C. ( 1991 ) . The benefits of the application of geographical information systems in public and environmental wellness. World Health Statistics Quarterly 44:160-170
  3. JOHN, R and ANDREW, J. ( 2010 ) . Lecture notes: GIS and the Environment. Faculty of Development and Society, Sheffield Hallam University.
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  6. PACKALEN, Petteri, MALTAMO, Matti, and TOKOLA Timo. ( 2008 ) . Detailed Assessment Using Remote Sensing Technique. [ Online ] . last accessed 17 April 2010 at: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.springerlink.com
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    hypertext transfer protocol: //dspace1.acs.ucalgary.ca/bitstream/1880/29369/1/20823Delparte.pdf

  9. DEMERS, M, N. ( 2005 ) . Fundamentalss of Geographic Information Systems. 3rd ed. , Wiley International Edition.
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  11. LONGLEY, P, A ; GOODCHILD, M, F ; MAGUIRE, D, J ; and RHIND, DW. ( 2005 ) . Geographic information Systems and Science. Second edition. John Wiley & A ; Sons.
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