Question |
Answer |
genetics |
the scientific study of heredity |
dominant gene |
the strong gene, if it is present whatever it is representing will show |
hybrid |
two different genes for a given trait |
genotype |
gene combination for a given trait |
phenotype |
outward appearance of the genotype |
girls can only hold… |
x chromosomes |
boys can hold both… |
y and x chromosomes |
sex linked trait |
traits that are carried on the x chromosomes of the 23 par of the double helix |
sex linked traits cannot be on the… |
y chromosome |
incomplete dominance |
AKA co dominance; the situation where more than one gene is dominant for a given trait |
in incomplete dominance… |
one gene cannot over power the other |
traits are passed from… |
parent to offspring |
gene traits determine… |
traits |
genes will always be inherited… |
in pairs |
genes are either… |
dominant or ressessive |
meiosis |
cell division of gametes resulting in half the # of chromosomes |
DNA |
deroxyribo nucleic acid |
double helix |
the twisted ladder structure that human DNA takes |
a only pairs with… |
t |
c only pairs with |
g |
mutation |
mistake in DNA |
mutigan |
anything that causes a mutation |
internal mutation |
caused when the pairs are replicated wrong |
inherited disease |
passed to the offspring genetically ex. hemophilia |
selective breeding |
pick the traits that you like from the parent generation and breed |
gene transfer |
moving a single gene from one organism to another |
why gene transfer bacteria? |
reproduce quickly, easy to work with, inexpensive |
splice |
using enzymes to remove a gene from a chromosome |
recombinant DNA |
mixing DNA from different sources to create an entirely new organism |
cloning |
the creation of an organism that is an exact genetic copy of an other |
SCNT |
somatic cell nuclear transfer |
somatic cell nuclear transfer |
in SCNT there is no mixing in DNA |
mRNA |
messenger RNA; carries message as to what protein is needed |
tRNA |
transfer RNA; arranges the protein chain to create what was ordered by mRNA |
karyotype |
gene map done by a genetisist that can tell if there disorder or gender |
cell |
the basic unit of life |
cell –> tissue –> organs –> ___ –> ___ |
systems –> organism |
Robert Hooke |
coined the word "cell". Also the first person to view cells under a microscope |
vonLeewonhock |
first to view animal cells under a microscope |
spontaneous generation |
mistaken belief that life can arise from a nonliving source |
Louis Pastur |
demonstrated that new bacteria grew only with existing bacteria |
cell theory1 |
all living things have cells |
cell theory2 |
cells are the basic unit of function and structure in a living thing |
cell theory3 |
cells can only come from other living cells |
reproduction |
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