provide protection for organs, provide shape and support, helps in movement, produce blood cells, stores some minerals
skeletal system
organ of the skeletal system
bones
responsible for movement of the human body
muscular system
do not work without instruction from you (arms, legs, face)
voluntary muscles
work without instruction from you (digestive, circulatory, respiratory)
involuntary muscles
provide force needed for heart to beat
cardiac muscles
provide force needed for movement of skeleton
skeletal muscles
provide force needed for digestion and other body functions
smooth muscles
connect bone to bone
ligament
connect muscles to bone
tendon
allow for flexibility in movement, padding in joints
cartilage
place where bones are connected
joint
Filter out cellular waste products, toxins, and excess water from the blood.
excretory system
Get rid of urea, excess water, and other
waste materials released by cell.
Eliminated as urine.
waste materials released by cell.
Eliminated as urine.
kidneys
Tubes connecting kidneys to bladder.
Ureters
Organ that stores urine until it is
removed.
removed.
Bladder
Tube that urine passes through to
be removed from the body.
be removed from the body.
Urethra
body system that receives stimuli, interprets stimuli, and coordinate responses
nervous system
brain and spinal cord
Central Nervous System
Nerves that connect the rest of your body to the brain and spinal cord.
Peripheral Nervous System
thought center; interprets senses
cerebrum
controls balance and coordination
cerebellum
controls involuntary movements – digestion, breathing
brain stem
connects peripheral nerves and brain
spinal cord
bundles of nerves that connect the rest of the body to the brain and spinal cord
peripheral nerves
The main organs where gases are exchanged between air and the blood
lungs
Tubes that move air from the trachea to the lungs; one bronchus leads to each lung; part of each bronchus is outside the lung and part is inside.
bronchi
Collects air from the environment. Moistens and heats the air before it enters the trachea
nose
Small sacs within lung tissue where the gas exchange takes place
aveoli
The muscle that aids in the breathing process and allows the rib cage to expand
diaphragm
The windpipe; moves air from the nose to the lungs
trachea
Provide gas exchange between the blood and the air
respiratory system
Lungs remove oxygen from the air
inhale
Carbon dioxide is sent back into the environment
exhale
breaks down food into smaller pieces (mechanical); releases saliva (chemical digestion)
mouth
carries chewed food to the stomach
esophagus
continues mechanical digestion; secretes gastric juices (chemical digestion)
stomach
most of chemical digestion occur here; nutrients from food are absorbed
small intestine
water is absorbed and taken into the bloodstream; prepares undigested food for elimination
large intestine
short tube that stores solid waste until it is eliminated
rectum
external opening of the rectum
anus
produces bile which is used to break down fats
liver
triangular organ that produces enzymes that help breakdown starches, proteins, and fats
pancreas
stores bile
gall bladder
breakdown of food
particles into nutrients
that are able to be used
by the body; absorption of
nutrients and water; elimination of solid waste
particles into nutrients
that are able to be used
by the body; absorption of
nutrients and water; elimination of solid waste
digestive system
consumption of a substance by an organism; occurs in the mouth
ingestion
physically breaking down food into smaller pieces; occurs in the mouth and stomach
mechanical digestion
breakdown of food using saliva and other gastric acids; occurs in the mouth, stomach, and small intestine
chemical digestion
nutrients and water move into the blood stream; occurs in the small intestine and large intestine
absorption
waste products from digestion are removed from the body; occurs in the rectum and anus
elimination
waves of muscle contractions that move food through the digestive system
peristalsis
finger-like projections in the small intestine that increase surface area so that nutrients can be absorbed
villi
connects all body parts-tendons, ligaments, cartilage
connective tissue
covers the surface of the body
epithelial tissue
two or more different types of tissues that work together to perform a specific function
organs
two or more organs that together to perform a specific function
organ system
living organism
organism
group of specialized cells working together
tissue
makes body parts move
muscle tissue
basic unit of structure and function within the human body
cell
carries impulses back and forth from brain to the body
nerve tissue
Carries oxygen from your lungs to your body cells, carries nutrients to your cells from small intestine, removes waste like carbon dioxide, and transports cells that attack disease-causing microorganisms
circulatory system
organ of the circulatory system that causes blood to flow through pumping action
heart
path of blood flow
body, heart, lungs, heart, body
Carry blood away from heart. Full of oxygen.
arteries
Carry blood from body back to heart. Brings waste for disposal.
veins
Small vessels where oxygen and nutrients leave the blood to go to other cells and carbon dioxide and other waste products enter the blood from the cells
capillaries
part of blood that carries oxygen
red blood cells
part of the blood that fights diseases
white blood cells
part of the blood that helps with clotting
platelets
contains water, nutrients, and proteins of blood
plasma
organ of the circulatory system that carry the blood around the body
blood vessels
organ of the circulatory that contains the red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasm
blood
