With a population of merely over 1.2 billion, India is the universes largest democracy. In the past decennary, the state has witnessed accelerated economic growing, emerged as a planetary participant with the universe ‘s 4th largest economic system in buying power para footings, and made advancement towards accomplishing most of the Millennium Development Goals. India ‘s integrating into the planetary economic system has been accompanied by impressive economic growing that has brought important economic and societal benefits to the state. Nevertheless, disparities in income and human development are on the rise. Preliminary estimations suggest that in 2009-10 the combined all India poorness rate was 32 % compared to 37 % in 2004-05. Traveling frontward, it will be indispensable for India to construct a productive, competitory, and diversified agricultural sector and facilitate rural, entrepreneurship and employment. Encouraging policies that promote competition in agricultural selling will guarantee that husbandmans receive better monetary values.[ 1 ]
India ‘s agribusiness sector has an impressive long-run record of taking the state out of serious nutrient deficits despite rapid population addition. The chief beginning of long-term growing was technological augmentation of outputs per unit of cropped country. This resulted in tripling of nutrient grain outputs, and nutrient grain production increased from 51 million metric tons in 1950-51 to 217 million metric tons in 2006-07. India is the largest manufacturer of milk in the universe and 2nd largest manufacturer of nutrient grains, sugar cane, fruits and veggies in the universe. But boulder clay in India the processing of agro-produce is really low, Fruits and Vegetables ( 2.2 % ) , Poultry ( 6 % ) , Milk ( 35 % ) as compared to developed states ( 60 to 70 % )[ 2 ]. In about three decennaries, the construction of rural employment has non changed much.[ 3 ]
Harmonizing to the NSS figures, agribusiness continues to use 70 % of our rural work force, industry ( 14.4 % ) , and services ( 14.8 % ) make up for the remainder. However, in position of the diminution in agribusiness ‘s part to GDP and the close changeless proportion of workers dependent on it, there is demand for rapid coevals of employment. The existent potency for employment coevals, nevertheless, rests with the agro-based industries. In developing states like India, agro-base industry is a really of import arm of the fabrication industry to construct on the industrial capablenesss.
In a typical Indian small town, economic activities were by and large associated with a peculiar `caste ‘ and community, which has practiced a peculiar profession for coevalss.[ 4 ]The nature of activity undertaken was, in general, familial and occupational mobility within the small town about non-existent. By and large, each small town had at least one family each of blacksmiths, carpenters, weavers, throwers and those engaged in oilseed suppression. Agricultural and non-agricultural activities had direct and strong organic links within the small town. Landowners needed work force to cultivate their lands and assist them in the family. They besides needed professionals to take attention of their Big Dipper and other agricultural implements ; in return, the small town craftsmans were paid in the signifier of grains and other farm produce each season. The relationships, sanctified by socio-economic traditions, were therefore institutionalized. A typical Indian small town in this sense was an organic whole, in which, while each activity had its ain distinguishable individuality, there was a considerable grade of inter-dependence.
Importance of agro-processing sector was first realized and documented after the black dearth of Bengal during 1870 ‘s. Report of the Famine Commission, set up by the British Government, in its study submitted in 1880, clearly stated the demand for agricultural betterment and improved station harvest infrastructural development specifically, rail web. Need was besides felt for integrating chemical intercessions in the agricultural sector and preciseness agriculture through agricultural mechanization manned by applied scientists. The Royal Commission on Agriculture apparatus by the British authorities, conducted a elaborate survey. In its study published during the twelvemonth 1928, it called for scientific attack to the sector and stressed for developing rural industries and co-ops. Recognizing the importance of the agro-processing sector for rural development as a tool for POORN SWARAJ ( complete ego regulation ) , Mahatma Gandhi during1930 ‘s promoted CHARKHA ( whirling wheel ) and balanced nutrition by puting illustration and composing articles in his celebrated magazine “ Harijan ” . It was continued by his followings viz. , Narhari Bhave, Binoba Bhave and Jay Prakash Narayan. They promoted self-dependence through KHADI and small town industries. The R & A ; D establishments developed by the British for taking attention of agricultural and rural industries included: The Imperial Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa ; Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Mukteshwar ; Dairy Research Institute at Bangalore ; Poona Agriculture College ; Public Agriculture College, Saidapet ( Madras ) ; Sibpur Engineering College ( Bengal ) etc. Horticultural Research Station was created at Chaubatia ( U.P. ) in Kumaon Hills for horticultural research including packaging and transit betterments.
After India ‘s independency the Congress Party constituted the Economic Programmes Committee to supply a wide way to the Congress Governments at the Centre and State degrees. The Committee, headed by Jawaharlal Nehru, reported in January 1948. In its recommendations on industries it observed: Industries bring forthing articles of nutrient and vesture and other consumer goods should represent the decentralized sector of Indian economic system and should, every bit far as possible, be developed and run on a concerted footing. Such industries should for most of the portion be run on bungalow and little scale footing. This was a big country earmarked for rural, concerted and little graduated table industries. The general way indicated for province intercession was for enforcing limitations on big scale fabrication of most consumer goods while widening support to traditional systems of production.[ 5 ]
India witnessed rapid growing in agro processing sector specifically during 1980s. It followed the first stage of the Green Revolution that had resulted in increased agricultural production and the demand for its station crop direction. The importance of the sector was realized by the concern community taking to variegation from grain trading to treating. Lead was given by the rice processing industry, followed closely by wheat milling, paper and mush industry, milk processing sector, jute industry, sugar cane processing and oils extraction through dissolver workss. In some countries like the solvent extraction industry, the growing in installed processing capacity has been far higher than the supply of the natural stuffs. However, in other countries like fruits and vegetable processing, the growing has non been promoting on history of hapless demand for processed merchandises by the consumers. In such instances, the industry has besides non been able to develop the demand adequately.
After globalisation and foreign direct investing in nutrient sector figure of transnational companies entered in Indian market treating fruits, grains, veggies and selling in India and outside states. As an illustration these companies selling their murphy french friess with Rs. 300/kg and Tomato ketchup Rs. 120/-kg but till husbandmans selling their murphy and tomato Rs. 7/kg to Rs.15/ kg. Whether this attack would give the coveted consequences in the signifier of either increased employment chances, peculiarly for adult females and rural young person, or enhanced exports. On the other manus, there is a possibility that many little and local constitutions may acquire adversely affected.
What is needed is a fresh and comprehensive attack, incorporating the development of small towns with agro- base industries, with larger engagement of the husbandmans in treating their ain green goods. In a democratic set-up, one can non disregard development of the bulk of the people or maintain them on subsidies. The fact besides remains that Indian population is so distributed that migration from agribusiness to industry or from rural to urban centres or from dumbly populated countries to barely populated 1s is non an easy and sustainable option. Besides the physical dimensions involved, the really features of the population are such that there are clear lingual barriers, which limit big scale population migrations. Gainful employment to the rural people has to be provided in their ain venue. Viewed in this position, agro- base industries as a construct have to be dealt with really otherwise from the past attacks, policies and programmes or other industries.
Properly developed agro-base industries in rural countries of India create more employment chances in rural countries every bit good as it helps to acquire good monetary values to husbandmans for their agribusiness green goods, which reduces the husbandmans self-destructions and improves agribusiness GDP. To set up and run economically feasible little graduated table agro-base industries and to use available agribusiness resources at that place was need to make research in this country. This research on “ A critical survey of organisation construction, jobs and hereafter of little scale agro-base industries with particular mention to Ahmednagar territory ” will steer in this country.
1.2 NEED OF STUDY
India is the largest manufacturer of milk in the universe and 2nd largest manufacturer of nutrient grains, sugar cane, fruits and veggies in the universe.
But boulder clay in India the processing of agro-produce is really low, Fruits and Vegetables ( 2.2 % ) Poultry ( 6 % ) Milk ( 35 % ) as compared to developed states ( 60 to 70 % ) .
There was demand of the research to cognize the facts about developing agro base industries.
Besides reappraisal of literature clears that Organization Structure is extremely of import for the industries. But research in the country of organisation Structure of Small Scale agro-base industries is non done.
The postharvest losingss of agro-produce are more in India, due to this husbandmans non acquiring right monetary value to their agro-produce which causes hapless economical status of husbandmans.
Properly developed agro-base industries can do India a major participant at the planetary degree for selling and supply of processed nutrient, provender and a broad scope of other works and animate being merchandises
In this position there is need to understand working of little scale agro-base industries and jobs faced by these industries. Therefore the present survey on “ A critical survey of administration construction, jobs and hereafter of little scale agro-base industries with particular mention to Ahmednagar territory ” assumes much significance and has more relevancy.
1.3 STATEMENTS OF THE PROBLEM
To what extent Organizational construction impacting the public presentation of little scale Agro-base industry.
What are the jobs faced by little scale agro-base industries?
What is the future prospectus of agro-base industries in India?
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF STUDY
To analyze Organization Structure of Small Scale Agro-base industries.
To analyse the jobs of little scale agro-base industries.
To analyze working of little scale agro-base industries.
To analyze future chances of little scale agro-base industries.
1.5 HYPOTHESIS
Organization construction of little scale agro-base industries and its Net incomes are co-related.
The profitableness of little scale agro-base industries and the jobs faced by these industries are co-related.
Seasonably suggested steps promote growing of little scale agro-base industries.
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
Encouraging growing of Small Scale Agro-base industries: This research identifies the assorted factors related to organisation construction which affects the public presentation of the little graduated table agro-base industries. It besides provides solutions to the job so that public presentation of the organisation will traveling to increase.
Rural Employment Coevals: The survey will be helpful for development and growing of little scale agro-base industries, which will creates employment for Rural Peoples.
Rural Economical Development: The agribusiness green goods by the husbandmans will be used for Agro-process industry in the small town itself, which gives better monetary values to the harvest, which causes Economical upliftment of husbandmans.
Appraisal of the jobs: This survey assesses the jobs encountered by enterprisers to set up their little agro-base economically feasible Business Units.
A developed agro-base industries will assist to get the better of the biggest challenges in forepart of India
Low farmer income and high subsidies
High wastage along the value concatenation
Poor hygiene and safety criterions
1.7 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research Methodology decides the district of proposed survey and gives information to the readers about adoptive procedure of analysis for the several survey. This includes purposes for which the survey is undertaken. This besides clarifies clip, range, informations beginnings etc. of proposed survey. Another important facet is tools and techniques which are used for the survey. In brief this chapter helps to the research worker to make up one’s mind his way of research work. In the visible radiation of the above, the research survey has been undertaken to analyze the selected little scale agro-base industries to cognize, which organisation construction used by little scale agr-based industries and jobs faced by these type of industries. The other single benefit of set abouting this research to the research worker is to catch an chance to run into and discourse with the enterprisers, academic Professional, Govt. Officials, regulative Bodies of Government, Executives, State Government Officials, The research will assist to little scale enterpriser, the academic research bookmans, policy shapers, pupils and Government Officials to derive an penetration into jobs and hereafter of little scale agro-base industries.
To carry on the research on the topic titled “ A Critical survey of Organization Structure, Problems and Future of Small Scale agro-base industries with particular mention to Ahmednagar territory ” the undermentioned idea arousing aims were framed.
1.7.1 AREA OF STUDY,
AHMEDNAGAR DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA, INDIA
The country of the survey covers Ahmednagar territory of Maharashtra province. Ahmednagar is the biggest territory of Maharashtra in footings of area.A The entire geographical country of the territory is 17.41 lakh hour angle. The net cropped country is 12,56,500 hour angle, out of which an country of 3,30,000 hour angle. ( 26.27 % ) is under canal ( 84,000 hour angle ) and good irrigation. About 9,26,500 hour angle. ( 73.73 % ) country is rain fed.A The country under Kharif harvests is 4,60,000 hour angle. ( 36.6 per cent ) while 7,58,000 hour angles ( 60.32 per cent ) country is under Rabi crops.A A multiple cropping system is followed on 1,10,500 hour angle. country. A sum of 8.73 per cent country of the territory is under wood. As per nose count 2011 the population of the territory is 45.43 hundred thousand. Agriculture, gardening, carnal farming and dairy farming and non-farm activities are the endeavors preponderantly existed in the district.A The territory economic system is chiefly dependent on co-operative sector. Ahmednagar is a innovator territory in co-operative development and in upliftment of sugar cane agriculturists through the sugar factories.A Similarly dairy co-operatives have besides developed as a secondary motion for the benefit of the dairy farmers.A A A A A A A A A A A Fourteen co-operative sugar mills, 9310 co-operative societies, 1281 co-operatives dairy societies and 4 fruit and vegetable co-operative societies are the anchor of the territory supplying drift to the rural economy.A The irrigation H2O co-operatives and conveyances co-operatives are besides playing an of import function in the district.A
Based on predominating agro-ecological state of affairss, socio-economic position, farm animal and other related factors about agribusiness and allied endeavors, the territory has ample range for use of natural stuff to advance agro based industries in rural young person.
1.7.2 SAMPLE DESIGN
The survey has covered industries which chiefly depend for their natural stuffs on agricultural merchandises Harmonizing to MSME act 2006, Govt. of India defined the little graduated table industries are the industries holding investing in works and machinery are above Rs. 25 hundred thousand and upto Rs. 5 crore.
1.7.3 Universe
The existence under the present survey spread over Ahmednagar territory in Maharashtra. It covers all agro-base industrial units holding investing in works and machinery is above Rs. 25 hundred thousand and upto Rs. 5 crore for units established after 2006, which are working at the clip of study and are registered with District Industries Centre. Large scale agro-base industries, Medium Scale Agro-base Industries and Micro industries are excluded from survey.
1.7.4 Sampling Procedure
There are three major types of little scale agro-base industries in Ahmednagar territory, that are Dairy based, Poultry based & A ; Food based. A list of entire population of these type of industries were collected from District Industries Centre ( DIC ) , Ahmednagar
2. Simple random sampling technique ( Lottery Method ) is used to choose the sample from the population.
1.7.5 SAMPLE SIZE
Calculation by Roscoe ( 1975 ) regulation of pollex
Roscoe ( 1975 ) proposes the undermentioned regulation of pollex for finding sample size
1. Sample sizes big than 30 and less than 500 are appropriate for most research.
2. Where samples are to be broken into subsample ( male, Female, Junior, Senior etc ) , a minimal sample size of 30 for each class is necessary.
3. In multivariate research ( including multiple arrested development analysis ) , the sample size should be several times ( absolutely 10 times or more ) every bit big as the figure of variables in the survey.
4. For sample experimental research with tight experimental controls ( lucifers, braces etc ) successful research is possible with sample little as 10 to 20 in size.
As per above pollex regulation of Roscoe ( 1975 ) following sample size taken for the research
The entire population of Dairy Based Industries in Ahmednagar territory was 50 out of them 30 industries were selected with simple random sampling technique ( Lottery Method )
The entire population of Poultry Based Industries in Ahmednagar territory was 178 out of them 35 industries were selected with simple random sampling technique
The entire population of Food Based Industries in Ahmednagar territory was 177 out of them 35 industries were selected with simple random sampling technique
1.7.6 DATA COLLECTION
Primary Datas: Researcher adopted direct Personal Interview method by doing good structured questionnaire, direct personal probe and observation method to roll up informations. To supplement these research worker had treatments with directors of the units. These methods helped to roll up dependable and accurate informations from the respondents.
Secondary Datas: The secondary informations were collected through assorted research diaries, Books, Government studies, News documents, Company reports, Ph.D thesis and Internet..
1.7.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The survey is limited to the little graduated table agro-base industries holding investing in works and machinery in between Rs. 25 hundred thousand to Rs. 5 Crores.
Agro-base industries are the industries which based on agricultural green goods as a natural stuff.
The survey is limited to Ahmednagar territory.
For the survey agro-base industries were classified into dairy based industries, domestic fowl based industries and nutrient based industries.
The survey covers organisation construction of little scale agro-base industries, jobs faced by these industries and future range in this countries.
As the survey is limited to merely Ahmednagar territory, it may go on some decision will non fit in other part.
This survey is limited merely for little scale Agro-base industries.
As the research worker is traveling to roll up information by taking interviews of the proprietor, it is besides possible that some Entrepreneur may non give right information. Therefore it will impact the decision.
Due to concern competition and internal competition of the companies some functionaries may be reserved while giving the information.
