| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Scientific method | Ask a Question, Do Background Research, Construct a Hypothesis, Test Your Hypothesis by Doing an Experiment, Analyze Your Data , and Draw a Conclusion, Communicate Your Results |
| Parts of an experiment | control group, variable group, control constant, variable constant, independent variable, experimental group |
| 6 characteristics of a living thing | Living things are made of cells. Living things obtain and use energy. Living things grow and develop. Living things reproduce. Living things respond to their environment. Living things adapt to their environment. |
| Estimate mass of pencil, laptop, and a car | pencil- 5 grams laptop- 1 kilogram car- 1 ton |
| Estimate length of a white board, textbook, an a paperclip. | whiteboard- 1.5 meters textbook- 30 centimeters paperclip- 1 centimeter |
| Anton Van Leeuwenhoek | Dutch lens maker, 1st person to observe living cells |
| Charles Darwin | Natural selection theory made by him. " Father of evolution" |
| Gregor Mendel | Made idea of dominant and recessive traits, studied pea plants |
| Francesco Redi | Said spontanious generation is not true, tested with meat in jars to prove it. |
| Steps of using a microscope | Plug it in and turn it on, place slide in stage clips with the object locked in place. Move the stage all the way up. !st focus on medium power an then try high. Only use fine adjusment on high power |
| Know 7 major biomes, their climate, and give examples o organisms that live there. | Tundra, temperate deciduous forest, grassland, tropical rain forest, desert, boreal forest, and coniferous. |
| Cell theory | Cell is the basic unit of life, Cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things. Living cells come only from other living cells. By Anton V. Leeuwenhoek |
| How are organisms classified | similaraties, how it grows, classification groups |
| Classification groups | Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species |
| Scientific names | genus and species |
| Monera | unicellular, no nucleus, bacteria |
| protista | uni or multi cellular, nucleus, amoebas |
| fungi | uni or multicellular, plant like, get food from dead org., yeasts and fungi, cell walls, grow in soil, fermentation, spore to reproduce. |
| plantae | multicellular, photosynthesis, plants trees |
| animalia | multicellular, eats other organisms, birds, mammals, reptiles, fish, amphibians |
| sporulation | asexual, new org. forms from spores released from parent |
| budding | asexual, new org. forms from bud on parent |
| fission | parent splits into two |
| 3 groups of protists | Protozans-unicellular, cant make own food, amoebas, paramecium, typanosomes Algae- uni/ multi cellular, have chlorophyl, photosynthesis, plankton, euglena, seaweed slime molds- multicellular, in soil or lakes, some are paracites, slime molds, water molds |
| Bacteria | Monera, have cytoplams, cell membrane, cell wall, asexual, use flagellum, need water or oxygen to survive. |
| How are bacteria classified? | shape. Cocci, spirilla, bacilli |
| formula for photosynthesis | 6CO2 + 6H2O ——> C6H12O6 + 6O2 or Carbon dioxide + water equals to glucose and oxygen |
| tropism | turning movement of an organism in response to an environmental stimulus. |
| vegetative propagation | asexual reproduction of a plant |
| bryophytes | no transport tubes |
| tracheophytes | have transport tubes |
| Poriferans | huge pores and seems to be boneless, invertebrate, sponges |
| cnidarians | 2 cell layers, radical symmetry, have tentacles or stinging cells, 1 body opening, jellyfish |
| arthropods | have crustaceans, arachnids, and insects, invertebrates, have exoskeletons, antennae on insects. lobsters, spiders, ant, flies, shrimp, crab, scorpians |
| platyhelminthes | some paracitic flat, can split, live in fresh water, 2 eye spots, planeria |
| Nematods | worm with round body, live in soil or water, paracitic, hookworms |
| annelids | little rings/ segments, complex, ocean or fresh water, earthworms |
| mollusks | soft body, mantle, shell, snails and slugs, mollusk w/ tentalces |
| genetics | study of heridity |
| heridity | passing traits from parent to offspring |
| Types of movable joints | pivotal joint-side to side, up and down. ball & socket-all directions gliding – some movement hinge- fowards and backwards |
| 4 tissue types | muscle- attached to bones, makes them move epithenal- cowers body connective- connects tissue nerve- carries messages, makes tissues move |
| Nerve impulses | messages |
| reflex arc | pathway of message in reflex |
| how does blood move from body | with transport tubes |
| 3 types of blood vessels | arteries-strong thick walls, tubes from heart cappilaries-blood cells exchange nutrients and waste in these veins- push blood flowing, have valves. |
| 3 parts of respiration | external- getting oxygen internal-exchange of co2 and oxygen cellular-energy is relesed by cells, food is converted into energy w/ oxygen |
| male reproductive organs | urethra in penis, testes-produces sperm, bladder,scrotum- sac that holds testes outside of body, epidermis-where sperm mature, and are stored |
| female reproductive organs | ovaries- produces eggs, uterus- nurtures fetus, fallopian tubes-tubes from ovaries to uterus, cervix-opening of uterus, vagina-birth canal |
