MCB 3023 Exam 3 Practice

true
The Southern blotting technique for transferring DNA from an agarose gel to a piece of nitrocellulose membrane is named for E. M. Southern, the person who developed the procedure.

true/false

RNA methylase
Recombinant DNA technology does not rely on which of the following enzymes?

restriction endonuclease
RNA methylase
DNA ligase
reverse transcriptase

We will write a custom essay sample on
MCB 3023 Exam 3 Practice
or any similar topic only for you
Order now
b
When a eukaryotic gene is cloned into a bacterium, the advantage of a complementary DNA (cDNA) gene being used instead of fragments of genomic DNA is that

a. the promoter and terminator are found in the cDNA gene but not in the genomic fragment.

b. the introns have been removed from the cDNA gene but not from the genomic fragment.

c. the cDNA is made with the nucleotides found in the prokaryote but not in the eukaryote.

d. there is no advantage to using a cDNA gene rather than a genomic fragment.

protect the bacteria from infection by viruses
Restriction endonucleases in bacteria may have evolved in order to

carry out natural genetic engineering.
protect the bacteria from infection by viruses.
use nucleic acids as a food (energy) source.
all of the choices

expression of the vector and the gene in a cell-free environment
Cloning a gene involves all of the following except

isolating the fragment of DNA containing the desired gene.
insertion of the gene into an appropriate vector.
expression of the vector and the gene in a cell-free environment.
introducing ligated DNA into E. coli cells.

endonuclease
An enzyme that cleaves internal phosphodiester bonds of a DNA molecule is a(n)

exonuclease.
endonuclease.
ligase.
methylase.

reverse transcriptase
Complementary DNA (cDNA) probes are produced using

restriction endonucleases.
RNA polymerase.
DNA ligase.
reverse transcriptase.

probe
A __________ is a DNA molecule used in hybridization reactions to detect the presence of a particular gene in separated DNA fragments.

plasmid
vector
probe
blot

introns
In order to express eukaryotic genes in a bacterium, the __________ must first be removed.

introns
exons
enhancers
3′ poly A sequence

Temin and Baltimore
The enzyme reverse transcriptase was discovered by

Arber and Smith.
Jackson, Symons, and Berg.
Boyer and Cohen.
Temin and Baltimore.

Arber and Smith
Restriction endonucleases were discovered by

Arber and Smith.
Jackson, Symons, and Berg.
Boyer and Cohen.
Temin and Baltimore.

bacteria
Restriction endonucleases are produced by

fungi.
bacteria.
protozoa.
plants.
all of the choices

true
Genetic engineering methods have been used to produce vaccines.

true/false

amplification
The production of large quantities of a particular DNA sequence is known as gene __________________.
false
The thermostable enzyme most commonly used in PCR is reverse transcriptase.

true/false

b
The three steps that take place in each cycle during PCR occur in which order?

a. DNA annealing, denaturation, and synthesis.
b. DNA denaturation, annealing, and synthesis.
c. DNA synthesis, denaturation, and annealing.
d. none of the above.

B. Mullis
The PCR method was developed by
A. Boyer.
B. Mullis.
C. Cohen.
D. Sanger.
billions
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be used to produce __________ of copies in a few hours.

hundreds
thousands
millions
billions

D. the smallest fragments will migrate fastest
Which of the following best describes the basis for separation of DNA fragments during agarose gel electrophoresis?
A. The fragments with the highest percentage of G and C will migrate fastest.
B. The fragments with the highest percentage of A and T will migrate fastest.
C. The largest fragments will migrate fastest.
D. The smallest fragments will migrate fastest.
transformation
Plasmid cloning vector DNA is usually introduced into bacterial hosts by

ligation
transformation
transduction
plasmolysis

select against organisms that have not incorporated the plasmid
Antibiotics incorporated into the culture medium can

select against organisms that have not incorporated the plasmid.

select against organisms that have incorporated a plasmid not containing the desired gene.

enhance production of recombinant proteins.

select against organisms that have not incorporated the plasmid and select against organisms that have incorporated a plasmid not containing the desired gene

pUC19
___________ is a bacterial plasmid vector.

Lambda
T4 DNA ligase
pUC19
SV40

true
Cosmids are plasmids that can be packaged into capsids of the bacteriophage lambda; therefore, they can be transmitted like phages, but they can exist and replicate in a cell like plasmids.

true/false

false
Transposons are frequently used as cloning vectors.

true/false

false
Cosmids are so named because they can be used to express foreign genes in a variety of different hosts.

true/false

true
Regardless of the exact approach taken to recombinant DNA technology, one of the keys to successful cloning is choosing the right vector.

true/false

true
One of the major advantages to using plasmids as cloning vectors is that very high copy numbers can be achieved with many types of plasmid vectors.

true/false

artificial chromosome
A(n)__________ __________ is a piece of DNA with all of the features necessary for chromosomal replication and which can carry large (up to 1000 kb) pieces of foreign DNA into a host organism.
library
A genomic __________ is a sufficiently large collection of recombinant DNA molecules in which the inserted sequences together represent the entire genome of an organism.
false
Promoters for genes that code for proteins can be isolated from a cDNA library.

true/false

electroporation
In _____________, cells are mixed with recombinant DNA and exposed to a brief pulse of high-voltage electricity to cause the membrane to become permeable and allow the uptake of DNA from its environment.
true
Electroporation is commonly used to introduce recombinant DNA molecules into cells.

true/false

false
When a eukaryotic gene is expressed in a bacterium, the eukaryotic regulatory sequences should be maintained in order to achieve maximum expression of the gene.

true/false

expression
A (n) __________ vector contains promoters that result in high-level transcription of the gene cloned within a multicloning site.

shuttle
chimeric
expression
phage

true
Some plasmid vectors have incorporated the regulatory sequences of the lactose operon so that the expression of the recombinant gene can be induced at the appropriate time.

true/false

RNA methylase
Recombinant DNA technology does not rely on which of the following enzymes?

restriction endonucleases
RNA methylase
DNA ligase
reverse transcriptase

B. the introns have been removed from the cDNA gene but not from the genomic fragment.
When a eukaryotic gene is cloned into a bacterium, the advantage of a complementary DNA (cDNA) gene being used instead of fragments of genomic DNA is that
A. the promoter and terminator are found in the cDNA gene but not in the genomic fragment.
B. the introns have been removed from the cDNA gene but not from the genomic fragment.
C. the cDNA is made with the nucleotides found in the prokaryote but not in the eukaryote.
D. there is no advantage to using a cDNA gene rather than a genomic fragment.
protect the bacteria from infection by viruses
Restriction endonucleases in bacteria may have evolved in order to

carry out natural genetic engineering.
protect the bacteria from infection by viruses.
use nucleic acids as a food (energy) source.

reverse transcriptase
Complementary DNA (cDNA) probes are produced using

restriction endonucleases
RNA polymerase
DNA ligase
reverse transcriptase

Human insulin
Which of the following was first produced commercially using recombinant DNA technology?

Human growth hormone
Interleukins.
Hepatitis B vaccine
Human insulin

Temin and Baltimore
The enzyme reverse transcriptase was discovered by

Arber and Smith
Jackson, Symons, and Berg
Boyer and Cohen
Temin and Baltimore

Arber and Smith
Restriction endonucleases were discovered by

Arber and Smith
Jackson, Symons, and Berg
Boyer and Cohen
Temin and Baltimore

bacteria
Restriction endonucleases are produced by

fungi
bacteria
protozoa
plants

DNA denaturation, annealing, and synthesis
The three steps that take place in each cycle during PCR occur in which order?

DNA annealing, denaturation, and synthesis
DNA denaturation, annealing, and synthesis
DNA synthesis, denaturation, and annealing

real-time PCR
A PCR procedure that allows a determination of the amount of a particular DNA fragment that is present in a sample is called

quantitative PCR
analytical PCR
real-time PCR
reverse PCR

Mullis
The PCR method was developed by

Boyer
Mullis
Cohen
Sanger

electrophoresis
Movement of charged molecules in an electrical field, which is used to separate nucleic acid fragments for recombinant DNA work, is called

iontophoresis
nucleophoresis
electrophoresis
plasmaphoresis

all of the choices
Which of the following can be used as vectors for cloning DNA fragments?

plasmids
cosmids
bacteriophages
all of the choices

antibiotic resistance
Plasmid vectors often contain __________ genes that can be used to screen for recombinants.

metabolic activation
antibiotic resistance
insertion sequence
promoter/operator

vector
A DNA molecule used to carry a foreign gene into a host organism is called a

plasmid
vector
probe
blot

pUC19
___________ is a bacterial plasmid vector.

lambda
T4 DNA ligase
pUC19
SV40

shuttle
A(n) __________ vector is a plasmid that can be replicated in several different organisms because it has at least one origin of replication that will function in each host.

shuttle
chimeric
expression
phage

the F factor
Which of the following is not part of a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)?

the F factor
a selectable marker
an ARS
a CEN sequence

bacterial artificial chromosome
Which of the following types of cloning vector can carry the largest amount of foreign DNA?

bacterial artificial chromosome
bacteriophage
cosmid
plasmid

expression
A(n) __________ vector contains promoters that result in high-level transcription of the gene cloned within a multicloning site.

shuttle
chimeric
expression
phage

escherichia coli
The most frequently chosen prokaryotic host in cloning techniques is

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Bacillus subtilis
Staphylococcus aureus
Escherichia coli

false
Depending on the incubation conditions, the same restriction endonuclease can either make a blunt cut on the two DNA strands so that there are no single-strand regions OR make staggered cuts on the DNA so that single-strand ends are formed that can be used to insert foreign DNA cut with the same enzyme.

true/false

false
Restriction endonucleases make a blunt cut on the two DNA strands so that there are no single-strand regions.

true/false

false
Restriction endonucleases make staggered cuts on the DNA so that single-strand ends are formed that can be used to insert foreign DNA cut with the same enzyme.

true/false

true
Some restriction endonucleases a blunt cut on the two DNA strands so that there are no single-strand regions and some make staggered cuts on the DNA so that single-strand ends are formed that can be used to insert foreign DNA cut with the same enzyme.

true/false

true
Antibiotics incorporated into the culture medium can select against organisms that have not incorporated the plasmid.

true/false

false
Antibiotics incorporated into the culture medium can select against organisms that have incorporated a plasmid not containing the desired gene.

true/false

false
Antibiotics incorporated into the culture medium can enhance production of recombinant proteins.

true/false

false
Antibiotics incorporated into the culture medium can select against organisms that have not incorporated the plasmid and select against organisms that have incorporated a plasmid not containing the desired gene.

true/false

true
Cloning vectors usually contain multicloning sites or polylinkers.

true/false

false
Cloning vectors contain at least two replication origins.

true/false

true
Cloning vectors can be replicated within an appropriate host.

true/false

D. The smallest fragments will migrate fastest.
23. Which of the following best describes the basis for separation of DNA fragments during agarose gel electrophoresis?
A. The fragments with the highest percentage of G and C will migrate fastest.
B. The fragments with the highest percentage of A and T will migrate fastest.
C. The largest fragments will migrate fastest.
D. The smallest fragments will migrate fastest.
tRNA
__________ molecules deliver amino acids to ribosomes during translation.
prokaryotes
The coding sequence in the DNA of ___________ is normally continuous; that is not interrupted by noncoding sequences.
ORF
The region of a gene that codes for a protein or a functional RNA product is _________.
promoter
The region at which the RNA polymerase binds is the _________ region.
template
The strand of DNA for a particular gene that is copied by the RNA polymerase to form mRNA is called the ________ strand.
anticodon
The portion of the tRNA molecule that binds to the codon on the mRNA is called the _______.
20
What is the minimum number of amino-acyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes needed to attach amino acids to all the various tRNA molecules?
2
Ribosomes consist of ___ separate subunits that come together as part of the initiation process and dissociate immediately after termination.
3
The E. coli lac operon has ___ operator sequences.
inducers
_________ alter repressor proteins thereby increasing the rate of transcription initiation.
false
Bioinformatic analysis of genomic nucleotide sequences using specialized software and high-speed computers make it possible to determine how proteins encoded by ORFs are post-translationally modified.

true/false

false
The whole – genome shotgun approach is useful sequencing small bacteria genome but has failed in the case of large eukaryotic genome such as those of Drosophila and human.

true/false

×

Hi there, would you like to get such a paper? How about receiving a customized one? Check it out