micro 23

B. enters typically through broken skin or the conjunctiva.
Acanthamoeba differs from Naegleria fowleri in that only Acanthamoeba

A. is a free-living ameba of fresh waters.

B. enters typically through broken skin or the conjunctiva.

C. is the cause of primary amebic meningoencephalitis.

D. enters through the nasal mucosa.

E. is acquired by swimming in contaminated water.

E. All of the choices are correct.
Entamoeba histolytica is acquired by

A. ingestion of cysts of the pathogen.

B. contaminated food.

C. contaminated water.

D. sexual contact.

E. All of the choices are correct.

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C. intestines and often the liver.
Amebiasis is a disease of the

A. conjunctiva of the eye.

B. brain and meninges.

C. intestines and often the liver.

D. lung tissue.

E. skin.

B. amebiasis and trichomoniasis.
Human asymptomic carriers are common in

A. balantidiasis.

B. amebiasis and trichomoniasis.

C. elephantiasis.

D. trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis.

E. cryptosporidiosis and malaria.

D. trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis.
Diseases transmitted by vectors include

A. balantidiasis.

B. amebiasis and trichomoniasis.

C. amebic meningoencephalitis.

D. trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis.

E. cryptosporidiosis and cyclosporiasis.

A. balantidiasis.
The large intestines of pigs are the primary reservoir of the pathogen that causes

A. balantidiasis.

B. amebiasis and trichomoniasis.

C. amebic meningoencephalitis.

D. trypanosomiasis leishmaniasis.

E. cryptosporidiosis and cyclosporiasis.

A. Naegleria fowleri
Which of the following is acquired when amoebas are forced into human nasal passages during swimming?

A. Naegleria fowleri

B. Toxoplasma gondii

C. Balantidium coli

D. Giardia lamblia

E. Entamoeba histolytica

D. Giardia lamblia
Which of the following has four pairs of flagella?

A. Naegleria fowleri

B. Toxoplasma gondii

C. Balantidium coli

D. Giardia lamblia

E. Entamoeba histolytica

B. Toxoplasma gondii
Which of the following is an apicomplexan parasite?

A. Naegleria fowleri

B. Toxoplasma gondii

C. Balantidium coli

D. Giardia lamblia

E. Entamoeba histolytica

B. trichomoniasis
Which of the following is a sexually transmitted disease?

A. toxoplasmosis

B. trichomoniasis

C. giardiasis

D. malaria

E. balantidiasis

A. Toxoplasmosis
Which of the following causes serious congenital disease from transplacental transmission?

A. Toxoplasmosis

B. Trichomoniasis

C. Giardiasis

D. Malaria

E. Balantidiasis

C. Babesiosis.
All of the following can be transmitted by drinking contaminated water, except

A. Cryptosporidiosis.

B. Cyclosporiasis.

C. Babesiosis.

D. Balantidiasis.

E. Giardiasis.

A. bloody, mucus-filled stools, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss.
Amebiasis symptoms include

A. bloody, mucus-filled stools, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss.

B. fever, swollen lymph nodes, and joint pain.

C. urinary frequency and pain, and vaginal discharge.

D. chills, fever, and sweating.

E. sore throat, low-grade fever, and swollen lymph nodes.

D. chills, fever, and sweating.
The symptoms that occur in cyclic 48 to 72 hour episodes in a malaria patient are

A. bloody, mucus-filled stools, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss.

B. fever, swollen lymph nodes, and joint pain.

C. urinary frequency and pain, and vaginal discharge.

D. chills, fever, and sweating.

E. sore throat, low grade fever, and swollen lymph nodes.

E. sore throat, low grade fever, and swollen lymph nodes
Most cases of toxoplasmosis in patients that are not immunocompromised have the following symptoms:

A. bloody, mucus-filled stools, fever, diarrhea, and weight loss

B. fever, swollen lymph nodes, and joint pain

C. urinary frequency and pain, and vaginal discharge

D. chills, fever, and sweating

E. sore throat, low grade fever, and swollen lymph nodes

E. All of the choices are correct.
Trichomonas vaginalis

A. does not produce cysts.

B. in males causes urethritis.

C. in females causes vaginitis with a foul-smelling discharge.

D. has four flagella and an undulating membrane.

E. All of the choices are correct.

C. symptoms of abdominal pain, flatulence, and diarrhea.
Giardiasis involves

A. a protozoan that does not form cysts.

B. infection of the large intestine.

C. symptoms of abdominal pain, flatulence, and diarrhea.

D. vector transmission.

E. All of the choices are correct.

B. Trypanosoma brucei.
African sleeping sickness is caused by

A. Trypanosoma cruzi.

B. Trypanosoma brucei.

C. Leishmania brasiliensis.

D. Isospora belli.

E. Plasmodium falciparum.

A. reduviid, “kissing,” bug.
Chagas disease involves transmission of the pathogen by the

A. reduviid, “kissing,” bug.

B. tsetse fly.

C. Anopheles mosquito.

D. phlebotomine (sand) fly.

E. hard-bodied tick.

D. phlebotomine (sand) fly.
Transmission of the pathogen of leishmaniasis is by the

A. reduviid, “kissing,” bug.

B. tsetse fly.

C. Anopheles mosquito.

D. phlebotomine (sand) fly.

E. hard bodied tick.

B. tsetse fly.
The vector involved in African sleeping sickness is the

A. reduviid, “kissing,” bug.

B. tsetse fly.

C. Anopheles mosquito.

D. phlebotomine (sand) fly.

E. hard bodied tick.

C. trypomastigote.
The large, fully formed developmental stage of a hemoflagellate is called the

A. epimastigote.

B. amastigote.

C. trypomastigote.

D. promastigote.

E. None of the choices are correct.

A. merozoites enter and multiply in liver cells
Which is incorrect about malaria?

A. merozoites enter and multiply in liver cells

B. trophozoites develop in RBCs

C. the mosquito inoculates human blood with sporozoites

D. gametocytes enter the mosquito as she draws a blood meal from a human

E. None of the choices are correct.

D. toxoplasmosis.
The parasitic disease, caused by an apicomplexan that involves infected cats in its life cycle is

A. cryptosporidiosis.

B. cyclosporiasis.

C. babesiosis.

D. toxoplasmosis.

E. None of the choices are correct.

B. Babesiosis
Which was the first disease found to be due to a protozoan that is introduced to humans by the bite of a hard body tick?

A. Cryptosporidiosis

B. Babesiosis

C. Babesiosis

D. Toxoplasmosis

E. None of the choices are correct.

B. cyclosporiasis
Outbreaks of this apicomplexan disease have been associated with fecal-contaminated imported raspberries, and also fresh greens and drinking water.

A. cryptosporidiosis

B. cyclosporiasis

C. babesiosis

D. toxoplasmosis

E. None of the choices are correct.

E. intrauterine infectious are generally mild with very little damage to fetal tissues.
Toxoplasmosis includes all the following, except

A. ingesting pseudocysts from contaminated raw or undercooked meat.

B. ingesting or inhaling oocysts from infected cats or cat feces.

C. tachyzoites can cross the placenta.

D. immunocompromised patients often develop a fatal, disseminated infection.

E. intrauterine infectious are generally mild with very little damage to fetal tissues.

A. headache, sweating, vomiting, severe abdominal cramps, and diarrhea.
Symptoms of cryptosporidiosis include

A. headache, sweating, vomiting, severe abdominal cramps, and diarrhea.

B. a circular rash that appears on the trunk and spreads to the extremities.

C. loss of hair.

D. a red skin papule that spreads to a large ulcer.

E. None of the choices are correct.

C. have developmental forms that include cysts
Symptoms of cryptosporidiosis include

A. headache, sweating, vomiting, severe abdominal cramps, and diarrhea.

B. a circular rash that appears on the trunk and spreads to the extremities.

C. loss of hair.

D. a red skin papule that spreads to a large ulcer.

E. None of the choices are correct.

A. Whipworm – trematode
Which is mismatched?

A. Whipworm – trematode

B. Pinworm – nematode

C. Threadworm – nematode

D. Fluke – trematode

E. Tapeworm – cestode

E. All of the choices are correct.
Ascaris lumbricoides

A. is an intestinal roundworm.

B. spreads to humans by ingestion of Ascaris eggs in food.

C. larvae penetrate into lymphatics and capillaries around intestines.

D. larvae migrate to the pharynx, get swallowed, and return to intestines to mature.

E. All of the choices are correct.

C. an intestinal worm that easily contaminates fingers and fomites.
Enterobius vermicularis is

A. a whipworm.

B. common only to the tropics and subtropics.

C. an intestinal worm that easily contaminates fingers and fomites.

D. often fatal in heavy infestations.

E. All of the choices are correct.

E. All of the choices are correct.
Hookworms

A. include Necator americanus.

B. include Ancylostoma duodenale.

C. have filariform larvae in soil that get transmitted into bare feet.

D. have oral cutting plates by which they anchor to the intestines.

E. All of the choices are correct.

D. immunosuppressed patients can die from disseminated disease.
Strongyloides stercoralis

A. is a tapeworm.

B. is ingested with food and does not migrate out of the intestine.

C. chronic infection is very rare.

D. immunosuppressed patients can die from disseminated disease.

E. All of the choices are correct.

E. All of the choices are correct.
Trichinosis includes all the following, except

A. encysted larvae get ingested.

B. associated with undercooked pork or bear meat.

C. migrate from intestines to blood and various body tissues.

D. the first symptoms are diarrhea, nausea, fever, and pain.

E. All of the choices are correct.

B. helminth is transmitted by black fly vectors.
Elephantiasis includes all the following, except

A. it is caused by filarial nematodes.

B. helminth is transmitted by black fly vectors.

C. larval infestation causes blockage of main lymphatic channels.

D. severe edema occurs in the extremities and scrotum.

E. microfilariae are in the blood.

B. a disease in which worms can invade the eyes.
River blindness is

A. caused by Wuchereria bancrofti.

B. a disease in which worms can invade the eyes.

C. caused by a blood fluke.

D. transmitted by mosquito vector.

E. All of the choices are correct.

E. All of the choices are correct.
Schistosomiasis involves

A. a blood fluke.

B. eggs from humans enter water and develop into miracidium.

C. snails allow development into cercaria.

D. cercariae enter hair follicles and pass to the blood and then the liver.

E. All of the choices are correct.

C. liver fluke.
Fasciola hepatica is a

A. lung fluke.

B. blood fluke.

C. liver fluke.

D. roundworm.

E. filarial worm.

E. one proglottid segment will have either female or male reproductive organs.
All of the following pertain to tapeworms, except

A. scolex is the head.

B. strobila is made up of proglottids.

C. proglottids are reproductive segments.

D. cysticerci are young infective larvae ingested in undercooked meat.

E. one proglottid segment will have either female or male reproductive organs.

D. Echinococcus granulosus – poultry
Which is mismatched?

A. Diphyllobothrium latum – fish

B. Taenia solium – pork

C. Taenia saginata – beef

D. Echinococcus granulosus – poultry

E. Anisakis – fish

B. amastigote.
The form lacking a free flagellum in the developmental stage of a hemoflagellate is called the

A. epimastigote.

B. amastigote.

C. trypomastigote.

D. promastigote.

E. None of the choices are correct.

D. chlorine in typical drinking water.
All of the following will kill Giardia, except

A. boiling.

B. ozone.

C. iodine.

D. chlorine in typical drinking water.

E. All of the methods listed will kill it.

E. These are all effective ways.
.

Which of the following is not an effective way to minimize human contact with parasitic helminths?

A. freezing foods

B. thoroughly cooking foods

C. proper sewage disposal

D. avoiding human feces as fertilizer

E. These are all effective ways.

C. Only a few cases occur each year in the U.S.
Which is not correct about trichinosis?

A. It can be transmitted by eating undercooked pork.

B. It can be transmitted by eating bear meat.

C. Only a few cases occur each year in the U.S.

D. The first symptoms mimic influenza.

B. Dracunculus medinesis
Which parasite is carried by Cyclops, an arthropod commonly found in still water?

A. Schistosoma mansoni

B. Dracunculus medinesis

C. Fasciola hepatica

D. Taenia saginata

E. Toxoplasma gondii

A. toxoplasmosis.
Pregnant women should never change cat litter due to the risk of contracting

A. toxoplasmosis.

B. malaria.

C. trypanosomiasis.

D. amebic dysentery.

E. Chagas disease.

B. Chemotherapy with chloroquine is usually effective.
Which is not correct about kala azar?

A. It is fatal in untreated cases.

B. Chemotherapy with chloroquine is usually effective.

C. Death is partly due to anemia, destruction of blood-forming tissues, and secondary infections.

D. It is transmitted by the sand fly.

E. It is a form of leishmaniasis.

D. dogs.
The usual definitive host for Echinococcus granulosus is

A. humans.

B. pigs.

C. cats.

D. dogs.

E. bears.

C. cysticerci.
The larval forms of certain Taenia species, which typically infest muscles of mammalian intermediate hosts is also called a

A. proglottids.

B. merozoite.

C. cysticerci.

D. amastigote.

E. egg.

A. roundworm, intestine
Trichinella spiralis is a/an _________ that invades the __________.

A. roundworm, intestine

B. ameba, intestine

C. flagellate, large intestine

D. flatworm, heart

E. tapeworm, lungs

F. Both D and E
Which of the following is an example of a parasitism?

A. Lichens and trees

B. E. coli and human gut

C. Riftia and tube worms

D. Rhizopus and raspberries

E. Fonsecaea pedrosoi and human feet

F. Both D and E

B. T.b. rhodesiense and Gambian sleeping sickness
Which of the following relationships is mismatched?

A. T. brucei gambiense and Gambian sleeping sickness

B. T.b. rhodesiense and Gambian sleeping sickness

C. Tsetse fly and African Sleeping sickness

D. Teania solium and swine

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