Moss - Flashcards on Living Things

All Living Things:
+have cellular organization
+contain similar chemicals
+use energy
+respond to their surroundings
+grow and develop
+reproduce
Characteristics of Life
Unicellular: single-celled organisms
Multicellular: multiple-celled organisms
+one has only one cell and the other has many cells
Unicellular vs. Multicellular
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+living has all of the 6 characteristics (ex:dog)
+Nonliving doesn’t (ex: log)
Living vs. Nonliving
+the basic unit of structure and function in an organism
+helps things move and do what it is intended to do
Cell
+the mistaken idea that living things arise from Nonliving sources
Spontaneous Generation
Autotroph: an organism that makes its own food
Heterotroph: an organism that can’t make its own food
Autotroph vs. Heterotroph
Microscope: an instrument that makes small objects look larger
Compound: a light microscope that has more than one lens
Electron: uses a beam of electrons instead of light to produce a magnified image
Microscope: Compound vs. Electron
+all living things are cells
+cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things
+all cells are produced from other cells
Cell Theory
+A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
Organelles
Cell Wall: a rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms
Cell Membrane: a cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell
Cell Wall vs. Cell Membrane
+dense area in the eukaryotic cell that contains nucleic acids, the chemical instructions that direct the cell’s activities
Nucleus
Use: +to convert energy in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions
Mitochondria
+A sac in a cell that acts as a storage area
Vacuole
+a structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells
Chromosomes
+region between the cell membrane and the nucleus
Cytoplasm
+a structure in the cells of plants and some other organisms that captures energy from sunlight and uses it to produce food
Chloroplasts
+cells
+tissues
+organs
+organ systems
+organisms
Levels of Organization in Organism
+different shapes and different parts
Plant vs. Animal Cells
Eukaryotic: an organism whose cells contain nuclei
Prokaryotic: an organism whose cells lack a nucleus and some other cell structures
Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic
+he discovered that in a cubic inch that there were about 12 hundred million cells
Robert Hooke’s Discovery
+controlled an experiment to show that flies do not arise from decaying meat
Redi’s Experiment
+he discovered a wide-variety of single-celled organisms
Leeuwenhoek’s Discovery
A dog is living because it has the characteristics of life.
An organism, such as a dog, is defined as a living thing. Explain what it means, using the example.
Cell Diversity:
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