Nokia will empower everyone to share and make the most of their life by offering irresistible personal experiences. March 2010 The convergence of the mobile, internet and PC are a reality. Consumers want complete solutions not just devices, and technology to be invisible. Consumer relationships are the new unit of value in this converged industry as consumers “consume” services as they are created. Our vision of the future “Connecting people” is now connecting people to what matters – whatever that means for each person – giving them the power to make the most of every moment, everywhere, any time.
Connecting the “we” is more powerful than just the individual. That’s how Nokia is needed to help make the world a better place for everyone. Our strategy To do this we will become the leading provider of mobile solutions. Our solutions strategy leverages one of our greatest assets – a portfolio of outstanding devices, with unmatched scale and geographic reach. We couple them with smart services, integrated via an intuitive and seamless user experience. We differentiate these solutions offerings based on our in-depth consumer understanding, with a strong focus on social location (people and places).
In a world where connecting people to what matters, empowers them to make the most of every moment. Our ambition is to become the leading provider of mobile solutions Marketing Plan of Nokia Introduction: Nokia is well known and world known company for mobile devices and in congregating communication and integrate industries. They have branches in 120 countries and sales in 150 countries with 128,445 employees. The operating profit of this world’s largest mobile manufacturers is 5. 0 and 37% of market share according to Q1 2009.
For every market segment and protocol they introduce mobile devices of different technology like W-CDMA (UMTS), CDMA, and GSM. Nokia Siemens network make services and solution along with telecommunication network equipment. They are providing digital map information and internet services through owned subsidiary. This popular public liability company listed on stock exchanges of New York, Helsinki, and Frankfurt. Nokia is a very important employer in Finland and plays very vital role in the financial system of Finland. In fact as a partners and sub contractors of Nokia Company, very small employers grown high in very short period.
In the year 1999 GDP of Finland increased more than 1. 5% by Nokia and in the year 2004 it was 3. 5%. Hence Nokia is ranked as a best Finnish employer and best Finnish brand. Nokia occupied a fifth place as a valuable global brand in the list of Interbrand/BusinessWeek’s best global brands 2008. And it’s a first non US company ranked in the list. In the year 2007 it is a number one brand in Asia and in Fortune’s World’s Most Admired Companies list of 2009 Nokia considered as 42nd world’s admirable company. According to AMR research Nokia supply chain ranked sixth in the world and third in network communication.
In case of environmental issues Nokia holds a superior track of record in restraining the usage level of toxic chemicals in their products. Those records are approved by Greenpeace environmental organization. Comparing to other electronic brands Nokia highly reduced impact on climate change and strongly supporting recycling of electronic waste. In 11th Greenpeace Guide Nokia company obtained first place with improved score. Executive Summary: As a result of Nokia’s recent organizational restructure there was a change in strategy, mission and goal of Nokia Company into precise objectives.
Nokia stated that ‘Our goal is to be a good corporate citizen wherever we operate, as a responsible and contributing member of society. We take part in long-term projects aimed at helping young people create their own place in the world, for example through our global youth programs. ’ To achieve this goal they following this mission statement ‘By connecting people, we help fulfill a fundamental human need for social connections and contact. Nokia builds bridges between people – both when they are far apart and face-to-face – and also bridges the gap between people and the information they need. In order to pursue its mission and to achieve its goal they implementing the strategy of ‘Expand mobile voice, drive consumer multimedia and bring extended mobility to enterprises. ’ However Nokia has a very limited product line but when considering development and research areas, manufacturing and service portfolios it’s an impressive company. It can be implicit that mobile phone market is lucrative. The sales rate of Nokia in the year 2003 is $37. 1 billion and profit is about $4. 53 billion along with the phone industry market share of 35%.
The patent technology is very vital to the opulence of Nokia. The advanced mobile technology of Nokia includes information transfers through blue tooth, wireless internet capabilities and data synchronization. The cutting edge technology of Nokia in imaging, video, audio, browsing and in mobile instant messaging made them contrast from their competitors. Hence they are pioneers in the mobile phone capabilities. The employment opportunities are very vast in Nokia organization and they are offering position to talented people of all educational level.
Competitive Analysis: Nokia suffers huge competition from the Mobile Manufactures like Sony Ericsson, Motorola, Siemens, Panasonic, Sagem, NEG and Toplux. These manufacturers are having the technology in their hand and providing the mobile at the cheapest prices. However the customer care of Nokia is extremely providing the incomparable service to their customer base. Nokia is also getting fresh new competition from the Google and Apple. These companies are branded companies in 3G technologies available in the market. Smart Phone is the latest buzz in the mobile industry that spreads around for quite some time.
Nokia launches the new touch screen mobile phone 5800 XpressMusic. This is the first touch screen model released by Nokia. Nokia VP Jo Harlow said that, ‘By adding the benefits of touch-screen technology to S60, the world’s leading smartphone interface, Nokia is taking the familiar and giving it a human touch,’ However there is not considerable threat to Nokia, as the market share of Apple iPhone 3G is somewhat small. Nokia’s 5800 are based on the S60 Platform and it is operated using the operating system called Symbion. This is not a new operating system in the market.
It is also used by other mobile manufactures like Samsung, Panasonic and LG. Nokia should consider the importance of introducing the mobiles having different variations from the previous releases. Nokia released its first touch screen after the long release of LG only. Nokia is the big player in the Mobile industry for the past 10 years, but they are not eager to experiment things. Other competitors like LG, Samsung released the touch screen as soon as their entered into the mobile industry market 1. Nokia have to concentrate on making the mobile based on the open platform. And the other thing they have to cope up with market expectations.
Many customers of Nokia expecting Nokia to release mobile phones that works like PDA. Many other Mobile Manufacturers like BlackBerry released the Computer like Mobile Phone. Nokia should take some effective measures to introduce some new models that are expected by the Nokia’s evergreen customers. They need to concentrate more on the marketing strategies to boost the sale of the new model Nokia Phones. They need to focus on the principles of marketing to reach out for potential customers 2. According to recent reports, Nokia is the best selling mobile phone around the globe.
It has the market share of around 37. 2% in the Global market. Other competitors are having less market share only when compared to Nokia’s Market share. The gap between the Motorola and Nokia is very big. Motorola have 17. 3% and it is far less than the Nokia. Motorola has to think big to come near to the Nokia’s Achievement. The competition between the Samsung and Siemens is very tough and they are the potential competitors to Nokia in some factors. Samsung and Siemens providing the clean and clear voice with good network support. Market Analysis: Marketing Strategy is very important for every company.
Especially for product oriented companies Marketing is a key thing that needs to have more focus. Nokia’s marketing strategy is based on the customer needs. That is why Nokia is successfully running a customer oriented marketing plan. Customer Satisfaction is very important for every business. For the past few years’ customer feedback of Nokia is extremely high. It is seen that the potential new customers are buying the Nokia and switching to Nokia from other Mobile Manufacturers like Samsung, Motorola, Sony Ericsson and LG. The switching is more to Nokia when compared to other mobiles 3.
Customer Perception of Nokia is increased for the past few years. Nokia customers are getting the product for the money; the quality of the product is extremely high when compared to other mobiles in the market. The Nokia Products are fashionable and looks great for the money the customer spent on it. The reliability of the Product is considerable increased for the past few reports. Nokia’s predictability is low when comes to customer needs and expectations. Nokia released the touch screen phone so late. While other competitors are releasing the touch screen product once in every week, but Nokia remains silent on this issue.
Nokia’s market prediction needs to be improved and they have to implement the expectations of the customer in quick time. Customer prediction plays the important role in keeping the current share of the Nokia in the Global Mobile market intact. The marketing strategy of Nokia brings good profit to the company. These profits are utilized for future growth of the Company. This profit must satisfy the existing stakeholders. More investments are being made by the Existing Stakeholders as well as by the new Stakeholders 4. Every organization needs to ensure that the organization develops as the product sale increases.
This satisfactory progression is made by Nokia. Most of the products of Nokia is developed so far yields good results and incomes. This type of revenue generation helps to develop the company. Every Marketing Strategy must be planned with the care of Environment concerns. Nokia have to keep track of the technology advancement in the mobile technology. It is high time that Nokia needs to take care of the Slow down in the market. Every change in the market must be watched to take effective actions in the marketing plan. Environmental Analysis European commission has given a good review about the good reviews of Nokia’s Mobile Phones.
This commission consists of the environmental experts like UK’s Environment Department, Food and Rural Affairs of UK and the members of BEUC. This panel has made some suggestions to reduce the certain amount of substance that will cause some harm to environment. This group has the objective of reducing the consumption of energy, prohibited materials must be avoided, and buying new phones by exchanging new phones must be encourages inorder to recycle the old ones. The customer must be provided the full information about the environmental concerned material 5.
Nokia has agreed to these terms and working towards to achieve this huge task. Veli Sundb? ck Executive Vice-President and the Head of Corporate Relations and Responsibility said that the, ‘Managing environmental recital is a significant liability for the whole mobile industry. Working mutually with ecological groups we are capable to discover new behaviors to make progress at all phase of a mobile phone’s lifecycle, from when it is complete and checked through to how it can be recycled. We are now dedicated to turning these thoughts into achievement and maintaining a long-term obligation to this issue. Customer Analysis: Nokia is having one of the best customer care support among the many mobile phone manufacturers. Many customers said that they are prefer Nokia because of its reliability when compare to other branded mobile phone manufacturers. The wide spread customer care support of Nokia provides the customer to get the service whenever is it necessary. This makes them more preferable than the other mobile phone manufacturers. Then the clean operation of the Nokia Phones makes them easily accessible even by the uneducated. Nokia makes their ideas simple. Simple ideas reach to the people than the complicated ones.
For example consider the option of Locking the Nokia Phone, it is very easy. However in other phones this technique is copied and implemented as a reverse one. This makes the customer more complicated to operate than the other phones 6. Internal Analysis: Internal Analysis of Nokia mainly based on the Market-led and Resource based approaches and Planned and emergent approaches. Market Led Approaches are based on the changes in the market and the resources that Nokia having in their hands. In this approach, the situation of the market needs to be watched carefully and implemented in the Marketing and strategic plans of Nokia.
This plan is considered as emergent where the implementation is made upto date. Planned Approaches will be very useful when the company introduces new product into the market. Market study of the new product must be made to get to know that this product is released in the right time. Competitive study also will be made to know about the survival of the product. Internal analysis must be made to know about the strengths and weakness of every department in the Company. These type of analysis helps to study the growth of the company 7. SWOT analysis: SWOT is expanded as the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat.
These parameters are needed to study the market scheme of any company. Nokia Strength is the Popularity of the Company. It is the most preferred mobile in any country. It has the sale of 52,000 in the year 1997 and it is the 34% increase from the previous year 8. Weakness is considered to be the internal factors. Weakness comes into play while the product is failing in the Market. It is the obvious reason that weakness or loss in only incurred by analyzing the product only. Below are some of the weaknesses of the Nokia’s Product 9. 1. They are only targeting their product at a drenched market sector. 2.
Their salary cost is rising forever. 3. Some of the countries placing high tax for the imported products and no tax cut for the Nokia mobile phones 10. 4. Supply chain cost is increased considerably and it is incurred in the cost of the product. 5. Nokia is loosing its reliability among the customers. It’s not a big decline but in the future it may give big worries for Nokia. Opportunity is the other main parameter that gives you more focus about what are all the external factors that can be added to improve the performance of a company. Nokia’s External Factors are mainly depends on two things, they are, 1.
Concentrating on the more advanced version of mobile phones will give good sale to the Nokia. Nowadays customers are looking for mobile phones which are highly competitive to the Apple’s iPhone 3G. Nokia Simplicity makes the customers to expect more from them. They are expecting phones like Blackberry from Nokia. In more simple terms, customers are expecting a phone that exactly works like PDA. 2. Innovation is the key thing for every business to grow upwards in the market. They have to continuously reinvent the strategies and give the customer something new.
They have to think and innovate some new ideas that none of the competitors failed to provide. 3. Another Important opportunity is the reduction in cost of the call charges in many countries provides the opportunity to Nokia to sell more products. Threat is also one of the external factors to effectively analyze the Companies situation in the Market. Nokia’s development is hampered by the Loosing Market Share and the legislations prevailing in most countries. To get a 3G License in Europe, A company have spend to 110 billions euros. This extreme high cost will hamper the development of the Nokia’s entry into the 3G arena.
Below are the Key threats to Nokia 14. 1. Market Penetration – The main purpose of the market penetration is to sell the current products into the current market. Nokia have to change some things to adapt this method. They must change the pricing scheme to match the competitor’s price. They have to introduce some discounting. There must be a different approach to the advertising formula. 2. Market Development – Nokia’s Market development to achieve the complete development effectively. They have to find the new market to sell its product, if the market attains the saturation level.
Changing the times of the Television ads and changing the place of the print ads will give some results effectively. 3. Product Development – Since from the launch of the particular product, the product must be continuously updated with the current technology. Nokia stopped some products after the poor performance in the market. However some of the products of Nokia are still in operation and also in Manufacturing. They need to update with the latest technology and make them appealing to the large customer base. 4. Diversification – Nokia have to contribute something different to the customer.
This is the most common way of getting the desired Market and also it leads to the high profits 15. Executive Summary of Nokia: In sector of mobile technology inorder to attain the latent improvement it is necessary for an organization to properly influence the power of new model and in expanding the breed of mobile solution. By providing high quality service at the fast turn around time an organization can easily override the competitors. Similarly, communication and frequent interaction between employees, partners and customers improves the work quality within short period of time.
For an immediate crucial action communication between the officials is very vital to access the information effectively. However success of the company is completely based on the availability of information to the employee and his effective accessibility of particular information. In such case mobile technology is very useful for a team conference and meeting even though members are in different countries or buildings. Mobile technology improved the possibility to interact with back end employees directly. So the company can make a competitive edge in cost-efficient and productive manner.
An organization can opportunistically meet the ongoing needs by mobilizing the operations and process of existing business application and widening the resource and infrastructure to mobile work force. Nokia realized the situation of “hidden mobile workforce” in most of the companies. And a recent survey by Simpson proved that 24% of employees using mobile technology for instant communication. In fact employees are very eager to use the in built facilities of nokia mobile phones for official use like to access company emails.
Now it can be assumed that mobile technology deployed the organization beyond the planning stages, for good connectivity among the employees either via emails or voice. Marketing Objectives of Nokia: Because of the Successful marketing plan, Nokia has reached all over the world. The objectives of marketing plan should be clear and legitimate. Below are some of the main objectives of Nokia, 1. Customer satisfaction: In every business customer satisfaction is very important. Nokia has taken utmost care to find out whether the product has given 100% satisfaction.
Even they conducted some research regarding the customer satisfaction and expectation. Those results prove to be good for Nokia. 2. Customer perception: Before buying the product of any branded company, the customer may have some perception about the product. Similarly Nokia tries to catch the perception of a customer through various feedback systems. Customer can interact with the nearest store and get some ideas about the Product. 3. Customer needs and expectations: Satisfying the customer needs and expectation is the main goal of any branded company. Nokia spent some time on this to develop products according to the Customer expectations.
It is totally a waste of time, if you cannot manufacture according to the customer needs. 4. Generating income or profit: Every organization needs to be function only if they are getting sufficient profit from the business. Obviously providing quality service is the main objective but without money you cannot provide quality service. Getting high returns will also satisfy your shareholders as well as it will provide the opportunity to get more investment on the Nokia. 5. Be aware of the environment: Every organization must have a look around the environment to perceive what is happening in the market.
Nokia has given some high priority to this issue. Some of the key things are mobile technology advancement, slow down of the market, rapid growth of the market, updating the mobile technology news, saturation level in the market and changing trends with the market. Targeting and Positioning of Nokia: Targeting the potential customer is the main target of the every marketing plan. Positioning is placing the product in the different types of population. The process of identification of the potential customers is the main thing that needs to be done to sell the product. Nokia has also some serious concerns to choose the right target audience.
They chose the youth market that is falling between the ages of 13-19. They conducted a research that the youths receiving lot of packet money and they are not having any commitments to spend that money. So they can easily buy mobiles from the pocket money. Nokia is branded company and can able spend lot of money on promoting and advertising the product. However companies smaller than Nokia cannot able to afford big amount for the ads. Television ads gives good results buy it must be played at right time to attract huge number of audiences. Nokia has also had the idea of targeting the business people.
For this reason Nokia conducted some events to promote the product among the businessmen’s. They placed the ad in television and banner where the large number of audience can get view the ads. Nokia spreads the product also in the magazines. Particularly in men’s magazines, because the large amount of Nokia Phones are bought by the Men’s. Nokia’s targeting and positioning is been good. It contains the mix of attracting the large viewers as well as they are attracting more specific ones. By following this method, Nokia’s marketing won’t let them down in any recession. Selection of Competitive Advantage: How Nokia outperformed its competitors?
Cell phone has been one of the important aspects of our day to day life; it has made life so easy for us. Cell phone has become necessity for each and everyone to communicate between each other. There are several companies which offer cell phones such as Nokia, Samsung, Sony Ericisson, LG, Motorola, Reliance, Tata, Apple, Blackberry and the list goes endless. Despite of heavy competition how could Nokia able to outperform its competitors in all aspects. Where it started? Nokia started its initial production in Finland slowly but steadily it has diversified its business throughout the world.
Nokia secured a separate place in India where none of competitors could overcome them since its launch. A survey says that in India out of 4 people 1 has a mobile phone which clearly shows the need for the mobile phone. What makes Nokia special? The reason why most people wish to be a part of Nokia is it is user friendly even a layman could easily work on the phone and could learn the features easily. Nokia provides something for everyone starting from the price, features, design etc. These cell phones are economical, easy to use, and they provide good customer care support which is also a key aspect for the success over their peers.
Nokia’s caption says “connecting people” yes they do act as a bridge when people are far apart. Nokia strongly believes by connecting people it helps to fulfill a human need. 3 main parts of competitive advantage 1. Innovation, 2. Relationships and 3. Reputation Innovation – Innovations is nothing but the ability to introduce new product. A new idea that everyone else can copy will never give competitive advantage for a long run. Nokia is been the source in this section from them its been spread to different companies.
Relationships – everyone is well treated in the organization be it a customer, employee or other business vendors this looks exception. Employees know if they show commitment, they will be fairly rewarded. Reputation – it could be achieved through developing a particular image. I could come from keeping the prices low, ensure to quality, being sensible etc. Customer has to get the intention that the product that they purchase is a quality one and it doesn’t require any argument. These are some information on what makes it different from others to have a competitive advantage in the business market 11.
Growth Strategies for nokia The growth strategies are one of the essential factors for every company to keep eye on it. The nokia are one of the marketing leaders who are coming up with well-packed marketing objectives. The nokia is giving some reasonable attentions for how to develop them in a market and how to make a way for grow rapidly in a limited periods. This is the basic objectives for this company. In this world, the advertisement is one of the unavoidable factors especially in the field of marketing. So having some proper awareness about it, nokia is also coming up with innovative Growth Strategies.
Being one of the best contenders, the company, nokia is giving more importance for advertisements. For them, the advertisements have proved to be an effective tool for marketing their every product. When comes to marketing development, catching up the customers is the main task. So keeping that in mind, the company, nokia is using such advertisements as the main objectives for their rapid growth in the market. The customer satisfaction is the main subject for improving any kinds of marketing business. The company, nokia, is giving more freedom for their every employee to create their own development plan.
The on-the-job learning is yet another factor that nokia is encouraging reasonably. The nokia is providing some best coaching methods for improving the skills reasonably for every employee. They also providing best platform for their every employee to share their thoughts with the every leader of the industry. The nokia has used to give some effective training for their every employee. Having touched with global network of learning centers, nokia offers some innovative training for their employees for further improvement in their own skills.
The development of managers is the main thing, which cannot be, evade at any cost. When comes to growth for a company, the managers have to develop their skills for interacting freely with their employees. In that sense, the nokia are giving more rooms for every manager to improve their leadership skills. The company nokia is offering jobs internally for their employees. Therefore, it is sufficient for the every employee to shine in his or her careers. If doing so, the company will automatically find a way for reasonable growth. This is the basic Growth Strategies for the well-known company nokia 12.
Marketing Mix: The grouping element in the marketing strategy of company is known as marketing mix. This marketing mix designed to present what the customer want. The marketing mix of Nokia based on four “P’s”. Product The product is considered as a vital point for marketing mix and. In fact following three P’s also fabricated around the company product. Nokia always conduct a market research to identify the consumer requirements and specific needs because each and every customer has their own purpose or reason to buy a particular product. Price Pricing is an important factor in a sale of product.
There are different strategies for a single product. And its gets change depends on penetration and competitor. In case of Nokia mobiles customer demand, competition, charge of service and production are the main factors in finalizing price. Place A suitable place is necessary for successful launching of the product. A powerful market for a product can be generated only when its service is easy to accessible. In that way Nokia mobile phones can be easily accessible and sold in super markets, specialized locations and all important departmental stores.
Promotion Creating publicity and reaching the target audience is very important to promote a product. The impressive advertisements of Nokia through televisions, radios, prints and also the free giveaways, money off deals attracted people towards its products. These are all the very powerful promotional tools 13. Conclusion: Nokia is very conscious about the business mobility market and with the support of its reliable partners, is able to extend its mobile business solution worldwide. Mobilization is very easy and cost effective with the IT involvement.
Nokia completely relies on phased approach, developing a particular area of mobility after another. Hence organization can easily take advantage of mobilization and attain benefits of workforce like high employee flexibility and increased productivity within very short time period. The balanced various approaches of Nokia made it as a leader in the market. By aligning the internal strengths and external opportunities, balancing the emergent and planned strategies Nokia retrieved the market share. Hence the Phased approach is basic reason for the long development of Nokia in mobile phone industry. Nokia Introduction
Nokia Corporation (OMX: NOK1V, NYSE: NOK, FWB: NOA3) is an international communications company, focused on the key growth areas of wire line and wireless telecommunications. Nokia is currently the world’s largest manufacturer of mobile telephones, with a global device market share of approximately 38% in Q2 of 2007. Nokia produces mobile phones for every major market segment and protocol, including GSM, CDMA, and W-CDMA (UMTS). The corporation also produces telecommunications network equipment for applications such as mobile and fixed-line voice telephony, ISDN, broadband access, voice over IP, and wireless LAN.
Nokia’s headquarters are located in Espoo, a neighbouring city of Finland’s capital Helsinki. It has R&D, manufacturing, and sales representation sites in many continents throughout the world. Nokia Research Center, the corporation’s industrial research laboratories, has sites in Helsinki; Tampere; Toijala; Tokyo; Beijing; Budapest; Bochum; Palo Alto, California and Cambridge, Massachusetts. Major production factories are located at Salo, Finland; Beijing, China; Dongguan, China; Chennai, India; Komarom, Hungary and the Ruhr region at Germany.
In March 2007, Nokia signed a memorandum with Cluj-Napoca City Council, Romania to open a new plant near the city in Jucu commune. Nokia’s Design Departure has stayed at Salo. Nokia plays a very large role in the economy of Finland. Nokia is by far the largest Finnish company, accounting for about a third of the market capitalization of the Helsinki Stock Exchange (OMX Helsinki); a unique situation for an industrialized country. It is an important employer in Finland and several small companies have grown into large ones as Nokia’s subcontractors. Nokia increased Finland’s GDP by more than 1. percent in 1999 alone. In 2004 Nokia’s share of the Finland’s GDP was 3. 5 percent and accounted for almost a quarter of Finland’s exports in 2003. In 2006, Nokia generated revenue that for the first time… Nokia Analysis Introduction: “Nokia – Connecting People”: this slogan is known all over the world. In 2006 Nokia employs 68,041 people in 120 countries. Currently every third mobile phone sold in the world is from Nokia. The Nokia Company is today one of the world’s leading high tech companies. Its rapidly growth in the 1990s coincided with a basal structural change of the Finnish economy and industry.
In this restructuring process Nokia played an important role. Despite the fact that Nokia is a leading multinational company, a major part of its business is located in Finland. Nokia plays a significant role in the economic growth of Finland, which has been one of the fastest growing in whole Europe. I. History of Nokia The Nokia story begins in 1865, when Fredrik Idestam, a mining engineer, establishes a paper mill at the Tammerkoski Rapids in south-western Finland, a few years later, he built a second mill by the Nokianvirta river ? he place that gave Nokia its name. In those days there was a strong demand for paper in the whole industry, the company’s sales achieved its high-stakes and Nokia grew faster and faster. Nokia exported paper to Russia first and then to almost whole Europe. A few years later, Finnish Rubber Works, a manufacturer of Rubber goods like tyres, industrial parts and footwear, impressed with the hydro-electricity produced by the Nokia wood-pulp (from river Emakoski), merged up and started selling goods under the brand name of Nokia.
Unfortunately there was a recession during World War II, but after World War II, Nokia acquired the majority part of the Finnish Cable Works shares. The Finnish Cable Works had grown quickly due to the increasing demand for power transmission and telegraph and telephone networks in the World War II. Gradually the ownership of the Rubber Works and the Cable Works companies consolidated. (Haikioe, M. 2002) and (“The History of Nokia 1865-2002,” 2003) In 1967, all the 3 companies merged-up to form…
