Parasitic Protozoa: Flagellates-Visceral Forms, Giardia lamblia, Trichomonas vaginalis

worldwide
What is the distribution of Giardia lamblia
bilateral
The trophozoites for Giardia lamblia are unique among protozoans for their _ symmetry
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teardrop
The trophozoites for Giardia lamblia can be viewed from above are _ shaped
rounded, pointed
The trophozoites for Giardia lamblia are _ at the anterior and _ at the posterior
2
The trophozoites of Giardia lamblia have _ nuclei
curved portion of a spoon
When viewed from the side the trophozoites for Giardia lamblia resemble the _ _ of a _
adhesive sucking disks
The concave “underside” of the trophozoites for Giardia lamblia is the area of the _ (_) _
4, 2
The trophozoites for Giardia lamblia have _ pairs of flagella and _ median bodies
oval or rounded
The cysts for Giardia lamblia are _ or _ in shape
4, 2
The cysts for Giardia lamblia have _ nuclei, although only _ may be visible
invasive
There is no indication of Giardia being _
intestinal
Trophozoites for Giardia lamblia adhere to the _ border
binary fission
The cysts for Giardia reproduce by _ _ (asexual)
ingestion, cyst
Transmission of G. lamblia is by _ of the mature _
contagious
The disease (giardiasis) is highly _, spreads easily through families once one person is infected
human to human
The norma route of transmission for G. lamblia is _ to _
beavers
Giardiasis is considered a zoonosis, common in _
close quarter living conditions, poor sanitation
At risk conditions for G. lamblia are _ (2)
12-20
The prepatent period for G. lamblia is _-_ days
10
The infective dose for G. lamblia may be as little as _ cysts
5
Giardiasis usually begins with an acute phase that lasts _ days
nausea, anorexia, malaise, explosive foul-smelling diarrhea
Acute onset symptoms for G. lamblia are _, _, _, _ _-_ _
steatorrhea
A common symptom for G. lamblia is _
passage of large amounts of lipid in stool (oily stools)
What is steatorrhea
10
The acute phase of G. lamblia is often followed by a subacute or chronic phase which may last for _ weeks or more
chronic
Symptoms of the _ stage of G. lamblia include recurring episodes of loose, foul-smelling stools alternating with normal stools, abdomnal distension and constipation
microscopy, antigen detection, antibody detection
There are currently 3 preferred diagnostic methods for giardiasis. They are _, _ _, _ _
Entero-test capsule
The diagnostic method for giardiasis involving swallowing a gelatin capsule on a string and waiting 6 hours to pull it out to see if it’s stained yellow with bile
>6
For direct observation how many stools are needed to confirm for G. lamblia
treated
All household contacts should be _ because G. lamblia is so contagious
fecal-oral
The route of infection for G. lamblia is _-_
hygiene, sanitation, hand washing
The prevention/control measures for G. lamblia include personal _ education, adequate _ _, thorough _ _
UV light
_ _ is useful in cleaning water, takes ~10 minutes
bacterial, viral
Trichomonas vaginalis is a non-_, non-_ STD
primary
Trichomonas vaginalis is now the _ non-viral STD worldwide
trophozoite
Trichomonas vaginalis only exists as a _
cysts
There are no _ stages in Trichomonas vaginalis
5, 4, 1
Trichomonas vaginalis has _ flagella, _ are free, and _ is in the undulating membrane
axostyle
The _ is prominent and thought to anchor the troph to the vaginal epithelial cells
external
Trichomonas vaginalis doesn’t survive long in _ environment
sexual intercourse
Transmission of T. vaginalis occurs through _ _
pregnancy, cervical cancer, HIV
Infection with T. vaginalis has major health consequences for women including complications in _, association with _ _, and predisposition to _ infection
4-28
The prepatent period for T. vaginalis is _-_ days
vaginal epithelium
Trophs for T. vaginalis attach to the _ _ and feed on bacteria, leukocytes, and cell exudates
pH
T. vaginalis disrupts the activity of the bacteria and adjusts the __ to its own optimal range
chronic
Acute infections for T. vaginalis usually become _ with decreased symptoms
asymptomatic
In men, the T. vaginalis infection is usually _
urethritis, prostatitis
In men, the T. vaginalis infection may present itself as irritating _ and/or _
demonstration of the organisms in wet mount
Preferred diagnostic techniques for T. vaginalis is
abstinence, limiting the number of sexual partners, condom use
Prevention/Control methods for T. vaginalis include
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