Parts of the Scientific Method

Term Definition
dependent variable measured to show the relationship between variables
independent variable experimenter changes or manipulates
control group group that does not receive any treatment; it stays the same throughout the experiment
experimental group group that receives the treatment throughout the experiment
hypothesis educated guess based on observations; must be testable
analysis representation of the data collected in the form of graphs, charts and/or tables
experiment tests the hypothesis, produces data
observations based on your senses; can be qualitative (descriptions) or qualitative (using numbers)
control variable variable that does not change throughout the experiment
how to write a hypothesis if…then statement; if the independent variable increases then the dependent variable increases/decreases
conclusion summary / judgement based on the results of the experiment; states whether the hypothesis is supported or rejected
problem written in the form of a question; it is what you want to solve or answer through the experiment
experiment series of steps that tests your hypothesis
how to write a conclusion As the independent variable…the dependent variable…
Science is a cycle it is always changing, never ending; it is a fluid process that is repeatable
how to write a problem How does the independent variable affect the dependent variable?
Example of an observation The road is wet
Example of an inference It must have rained
inference an explanation of an observation
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