Reserve Bank of India Main Functions Reserve Bank of India regional office, Delhi entrance with the Yakshini sculpture depicting “Prosperity through agriculture”[25]. The RBI Regional Office in Delhi. The RBI Regional Office in Kolkata. Monetary Authority The Reserve Bank of India is the main monetary authority of the country and beside that the central bank acts as the bank of the national and state governments. It formulates, implements and monitors the monetary policy as well as it has to ensure an adequate flow of credit to productive sectors.
Objectives are maintaining price stability and ensuring adequate flow of credit to productive sectors. The national economy depends on the public sector and the central bank promotes an expensive monetary policy to push the private sector since the financial market reforms of the 1990s. [26] The institution is also the regulator and supervisor of the financial system and prescribes broad parameters of banking operations within which the country’s banking and financial system functions.
Objectives are to maintain public confidence in the system, protect depositors’ interest and provide cost-effective banking services to the public. The Banking Ombudsman Scheme has been formulated by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) for effective redressal of complaints by bank customers. The RBI controls the monetary supply, monitors economic indicators like the gross domestic product and has to decide the design of the rupee banknotes as well as coins. [27] Manager of exchange control The central bank manages to reach the goals of the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999.
Objective: to facilitate external trade and payment and promote orderly development and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India. Issuer of currency The bank issues and exchanges or destroys currency and coins not fit for circulation. The Objectives are giving the public adequate supply of currency of good quality and to provide loans to commercial banks to maintain or improve the GDP. The basic objectives of RBI are to issue bank notes, to maintain the currency and credit system of the country to utilize it in its best advantage, and to maintain the reserves.
RBI maintains the economic structure of the country so that it can achieve the objective of price stability as well as economic development, because both objectives are diverse in themselves. Developmental role The central bank has to perform a wide range of promotional functions to support national objectives and industries. [28] The RBI faces a lot of inter-sectoral and local inflation-related problems. Some of this problems are results of the dominant part of the public sector. [29] Related functions The RBI is also a banker to the Government and performs merchant banking function for the central and the state governments.
It also acts as their banker. The National Housing Bank (NHB) was established in 1988 to promote private real estate acquisition. [30] The institution maintains banking accounts of all scheduled banks, too. There is now an international consensus about the need to focus the tasks of a central bank upon central banking. RBI is far out of touch with such a principle, owing to the sprawling mandate described above. The recent financial turmoil world-over, has however, vindicated the Reserve Bank’s role in maintaining financial stability in India.
