| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What name is given to cells of similar size and shape that are grouped together to do a common job? | A tissue |
| What is the smallest unit of every living organism? | A cell |
| What do tissues make up? | An organ |
| What are organs performing related functions organized into? | An organ system |
| What is the function of the respiratory system? | Takes in oxygen and gets rid of carbon dioxide (gas exchange). |
| What is the function of the cardiovascular system? | Pumps blood around body for tissues to receive oxygen for respiration. |
| What is the name of a tube by which food passes down after swallowing? | gullet (oesophagus) |
| What is the name of the part of digestive system where water is absorbed into the body? | large intestine |
| What is the gas given out on exhaling? | Carbon dioxide |
| What chemical changes from colourless to cloudy in presence of carbon dioxide? | lime water |
| What test measures the maximum air that can be forced out of the lungs in one breath? | peak flow reading |
| What is the function of valves in the cardiovascular system? | To ensure that blood flows in one direction only (prevents backflow). |
| What is the name of the smaller chambers of the heart? | Atrium |
| What is the name of the larger chamber of the heart? | Ventricle |
| What are the three types of blood vessels? | Veins, arteries and capillaries. |
| What test measures the maximum volume of air we can breathe out after we have taken a deep breath in? | vital capacity |
| What is the function of the digestive system? | Breaks down food to give the body energy. |
| Which type of blood vessel has valves? | A vein |
| Which type of blood vessel has a wall one cell thick? | A capillary |
| What is normal reading for human blood pressure? | 120/70 mmHG |
| What gas do we inhale? | Oxygen |
| What gas do plants take in? | Plants take in carbon dioxide |
| What gas do plants give out? | Plants give out oxygen |
| What name is given to the organ system involving the brain? | nervous system |
| What part of the digestive system absorbs food into the blood? | small intestine |
| What colour change would indicate that starch was present when iodine is added? | brown to blue/black |
| What name is given to structures in the heart that keep blood flowing in one direction? | valves |
| Where does fertilisation occur in the reproductive system? | oviduct |
| Which cells found in the human body contain half the DNA of normal cells?: | sperm and egg cells |
| What DNA base combines with base A? | base T |
| Different forms (varsions) of the same gene are termed? | alleles |
| What are the small units that carbohydrates are made up of called? | simple sugars |
| What are the small units that proteins are made up of called? | amino acids |
| Whch food group is made up of glycerol and fatty acids? | fats |
| How would you test for the presence of carbon dioxide in breathed out air? | Use a straw and some lime water. If carbon dioxide is present it should turn from colourless to cloudy |
| What is the relationship between the level of exercise and breathing rate? | As the level of exercise increases so does the breathing rate |
| What is DNA profiling? | DNA profiling is a way of identifying an individual using unique markers in their DNA base sequence |
| What are uses of DNA profiling? | Forensic science and paternity testing |
| What are advantages of DNA profiling? | It is painless, quick, inexpensive and confirms identity with certainty. |
| What are disadvantages of DNA profiling? | Tests need to be repeated at least twice to avoid false results and also there are privacy concerns if DNA is stored. |
