The air power industry and in peculiar air bearers, are faced with the undertaking of following with legion criterions and ordinances required by the province regulatory/authorities such as the Federal Aviation Administration ( FAA ) and European Aviation Safety Agency ( EASA ) every bit good as International Air Transport Association ( IATA ) and the International Civil Aviation Organization ( ICAO ) .
The Quality is paramount, the governments require air power organisations to implement and keep a Quality System to supervise conformity with demands which include criterions and processs to do certain that safe operational patterns and uninterrupted airworthiness are in topographic point. The organisations need an interlacing model with which to pull off their Quality Management Systems. The Quality Assurance plan is the chief portion of the quality system and aircraft operators must guarantee operational patterns are safe and aircraft are in an airworthy status. Authorities require the behavior of internal and external audits to guarantee the monitoring and reappraisal of the quality system.
On the other manus, Safety is the most of import among all these regulative organisations, both in procedure and in pattern. ICAO has proposed a criterion for member States that requires a State to hold a safety plan to accomplish an acceptable degree of safety in the operation of aircraft. This recommended Safety Management System ( SMS ) contains merely safety elements, whereas we need an incorporate system that encompasses: quality direction system, environment direction system, endeavor hazard direction, uninterrupted airworthiness and safety direction system.
In the IATA Operational Safety Audit ( IOSA ) plan, IATA aims to measure the operational direction and control system of an air hose with an accent on the Safety Management System ( SMS ) . It is a status of rank that air hoses undergo the IOSA plan. Therefore, the organisation must set up a Safety Management System every bit good as Quality System. The safety and quality are placed steadfastly at the top of the value pyramid of most air power companies ruling ideas and actions, and underpinning the company & A ; acirc ; ˆ™s committedness to clients and stakeholders.
The safety system and the quality system both guarantee and back up the safety and, effectivity of air power industry criterions plans through the development and inadvertence of organisational safety and quality confidence policies and processs. There are surely common constructs and aims in quality and safety systems: accident/incident bar, organisational committedness, mensurating and communicating, satisfaction of clients and the demand for uninterrupted betterment.
On closer analysis, there are besides countries of convergence, duplicate and in some cases, struggle, between quality and safety systems which can take to otiose attempt if both are applied.
Despite the similarities acknowledged in the procedures and techniques involved, the purposes and footing of them is different, endeavoring for safety and endeavoring for quality are surely non the same thing. Does a safety direction system react more efficaciously? Or do we necessitate to unite theses systems together?
The safety direction system provides a focal point on safety and offers a realistic manner frontward at less cost and confusion. Safety is a great analogy for understanding quality and it relates wholly to the absolutes of quality direction. But quality does non axiomatically ensue in safety.
Aims and research inquiries
The purpose of this research is first to reexamine critically the quality system, safety direction system and hazard direction system and happen out what they exactly require, what their purposes are, analyse their achievement methodological analysis in item, find the advantage of an result aim and accomplishment, so suggest an incorporate quality, safety and hazard direction system to accomplish one alone end to cover all demands. The function of top direction and how to put up the system will be assumed to be critically of import for safety or even for self-assessment, and this may be rather logical. The construct of the incorporate quality, safety and hazard direction system, and farther challenge and direction duties to set up the system will be introduced.
By enabling air hoses to incorporate quality, safety and hazard direction, air hoses will run into the demands common to multiple ordinances which include regulative governments and other organic structures ( such as IATA ) in the cardinal countries of flight operations, care and land activities, every bit good as to heighten the betterment of the safety/quality and decrease of costs, preparation and resources. In incorporating quality, safety and hazard direction systems, air hoses can avoid convergence of maps, duplicate and otiose clip and resources.
Integrated hazard direction is of great importance and has great value. A given incident happening can hold a far-reaching impact on multiple operating divisions. Each division would finish their ain single incident studies as it effects them, thereby making a possible constriction in the procedure to find the root cause of the job and finally take actions to forestall a return in a timely mode. How can this be rectified?
There are many factors that can lend to uninterrupted betterment in safety and quality, one of them is, process betterment. Well managed organisations frequently have extended internal audit plans to continuously audit their ain procedures and processs, in order to bring out any spread in their systems, streamline operations, assess the province of conformity and to derive efficiencies. How can the figure of audits be reduced?
The undermentioned inquiries besides can be considered:
Quality or safety? That & A ; acirc ; ˆ™s a inquiry!
Why are at that place so many direction systems? Do we need all of them?
Why do we necessitate many parallel supervising systems? Are they all necessary?
What are their intent, purposes and accomplishments?
Which of these systems should take precedency and supervise the others?
What are our outlooks of these systems?
What are the parallel countries and undertakings?
Why do we necessitate to incorporate them?
What & A ; acirc ; ˆ™s the benefit of incorporate systems?
How can we incorporate them?
Process control, merchandise control, human mistake, designation jeopardy, eliminated hazard ; do they work all together and how?
Safety audit or quality audit – what are we truly looking for?
How can we unite quality audit with safety audit?
Assuming safety and quality systems monitor each other, who will supervise a unique combined system if there is no 3rd party? How and when is self supervising effectual?
How can we associate the hazard appraisal to quality audits and safety review to place countries in which preventative action is needed to extenuate hazard every bit good as to guarantee uninterrupted airworthiness?
How make incorporate systems better the industry?
How to incorporate external audit demands into safety and quality procedures?
Methodology
Safety, similar to quality, is an emergent belongings of a system that is sometimes hard to specify, unlike more touchable features such as net income, costs, or merchandises. It can non be touched or seen and, hence, can non be straight managed. Quality besides is a less touchable belongings. Rather than being an absolute and nonsubjective step of goodness, quality is comparative to the demands that are set for it. An first-class quality in one set of fortunes can be wholly unacceptable in another. Therefore, if high quality is defined in footings of procedure or merchandise features that enhance safety, safety and quality are congruent.
Safety systems can be considered a type of quality system. A quality system is designed to systematically run into whatever quality aims have been identified in a peculiar case. Consistent quality may or may non be synonymous with high quality, because high quality may hold an unacceptable cost in a peculiar context. However, unlike choice direction systems that may be focused on fiscal aims, client satisfaction, or other ends, the safety direction system is a quality system focused on regulative inadvertence and safety hazard direction.
The safety direction system and quality direction system are complementary and must therefore work together to accomplish the overall safety ends. The primary demand for an SMS is to set up a direction system that has the necessary procedures and processs in topographic point such that operational safety is maintained at an acceptable degree ( safety direction ) and specified operational consequences are systematically achieved ( choice direction ) .
Integration will be achieved through incorporate ends, schemes, and outcomes. The schemes to accomplish those ends will turn to hazard direction in a co-ordinated manner, and the common desired result of pull offing hazard to an acceptable degree must stay the focal point for all organisational elements and persons.
Integration will be accomplished by:
Establishing a strong and continuously bettering safety civilization,
Verifying continuously that values, norms, and premises are consistent and compatible,
Identifying the cognition, accomplishments, and abilities needed by the forces to back up the system,
Developing and supplying the preparation at all degrees needed to understand and implement the system,
Keeping an effectual communicating procedure at all degrees and between degrees,
identifying and pass oning common or related jeopardies, every bit good as thoughts for pull offing the associated hazard to acceptable degrees,
placing common elements of safety inadvertence criterions, processs, and analysis and avoiding duplicate,
avoiding convergence, excess informations aggregation, or review procedures to minimise the inauspicious impact on services or merchandises and optimising the resources use,
integrate information system so that information and information flow vertically and horizontally,
Cardinal constituents of an incorporate system include quality confidence, Flight Safety via Flight Operational Quality Assurance ( FOQA ) , uninterrupted airworthiness, Environmental, Occupational Safety and Health via the Environmental Management System ( EMS ) , Safety Management System, Boeing & A ; acirc ; ˆ™s Maintenance Error Decision Aid ( MEDA ) , scrutinizing, hazard direction and internal rating plans.
In order to develop incorporate Quality, safety and hazard direction system, we need to study the bing systems individually, extinguish the parallel countries and undertakings, and unite them in a alone system. Any struggle between safety and productiveness can be eliminated by optimizing the needed work flow.
An incorporate quality, safety and hazard direction system provides a closed cringle procedure in entering and describing on quality, environment, wellness and safety events within the system. It needs to prioritise and minimise the figure of bad events by utilizing the appropriate hazard appraisal theoretical account. In order to segregate and categorise events, a quantitative hazard appraisal will be used throughout the procedure to steering determination devising. It features a comprehensive disciplinary action and effectivity cheque program with hazard extenuation history covering uninterrupted airworthiness. Integrated faculties and endeavor application integrating will be surveyed to pull off and mensurate quality and conformity procedures and execute organisational alteration.
The research will be a holistic attack to turn toing the cardinal conformity demands of the organisation at the departmental degree, while supplying a top-down position for direction to turn to the most important events within the organisation. Coordinating among operations, care and land activities across multiple sections will besides be considered. Safety analysis methodological analysis supports the development of hazard appraisal methodological analysiss, with the inclusion of factors such as operational processs and human factors, in operational and care undertakings for the intent of safe operations and continued airworthiness.
Understanding the root causes of quality and safety lacks is the key to placing appropriate disciplinary actions and hence heightening public safety and cut downing costs. To be successful, we need targeted disciplinary action based on the designation of the existent cause of jobs, and non the symptoms.
Particular demands
The major installations and resources required for this proposed research include library installations, entree to a computing machine and pressman, on-line entree to e-mail and library resources, run offing and printing installations, and a desk for the research worker to work. Travel to the central office of specific air hoses and scrutiny of the bing systems may be needed.
Mehdi Fayyazi
Electronic mail: meh_fayyazi @ yahoo.com
Telephone: 0401 013 185
