Metal or metalloid
Lustrous (shiny)
Metal
Good conductor of heat
Metal
Good conductor of electricity
Metal
High melting point
Metal
High density
Metal
Malleable (can be hammered/shaped with pressure)
Metal
Ductile (can be pulled into wires)
Metal
Usually solid at room temperature
Metal
Opaque as a thin sheet (can’t see through it)
Metal
DOES make bell-like sounds when struck (sonorousness)
Nonmetal
Not lustrous (dull appearance)
Nonmetal
POOR CONDUCTOR of heat and electricity; GOOD INSULATOR of heat and electricity
Nonmetal
Nonductile (CANNOT be pulled into wires)
Nonmetal or metalloid
Brittle solid (can break)
Nonmetal
May be solid, liquid, or gas at room temperature
Nonmetal
Many are gases at room temperature
Nonmetal
Transparent as a thin sheet
Nonmetal
DOES NOT make bell-like sounds when struck (NOT sonorous)
Metalloid
Brittle but lustrous (shiny)
Characteristic of a substance that can be observed WITHOUT CHANGING the substance into something else
Physical properties
Use your 5 senses to identify them
How do you identify physical properties?
Color, texture, smell, hardness, luster, density, volume
Examples of physical properties
1. Malleability (can be pulled into wires)
2. Conductivity (can transfer heat)
3. Boiling point
4. Freezing point
2. Conductivity (can transfer heat)
3. Boiling point
4. Freezing point
More example of physical properties
Ability of a substance to INTERACT with another substance to CHANGE FORM
Chemical properties
1. Flammability (ability to burn easily)
2. Oxidation (ability to rust or turn brown, like a cut apple when exposed to air)
3. Combustibility (ability to burn or explode)
2. Oxidation (ability to rust or turn brown, like a cut apple when exposed to air)
3. Combustibility (ability to burn or explode)
Examples of chemical properties
Change that alters the FORM, phase, or APPEARANCE of a material but does NOT make the material into another substance
Physical change
NO NEW SUBSTANCE is formed; it stays the same
Physical change
1. Tearing paper
2. Chopping wood
3. Freezing water
4. Melting ice
5. Dissolving sugar in water
6. Making queso
7. Making Kool-Aid
8. Getting a hair cut
2. Chopping wood
3. Freezing water
4. Melting ice
5. Dissolving sugar in water
6. Making queso
7. Making Kool-Aid
8. Getting a hair cut
Examples of physical changes
Change in matter that productes a NEW SUBSTANCE at the MOLECULAR LEVEL
Chemical change
Look for EVIDENCE!
1. Release of gas
2. Temperature change
3. Color change
4. Precipitate formed
1. Release of gas
2. Temperature change
3. Color change
4. Precipitate formed
How to detect a chemical change
1. Milk souring
2. Wood burning
3. Metal rusting (like nail left out in the rain)
4. Cut apple or other fruit turning brown when exposed to air
2. Wood burning
3. Metal rusting (like nail left out in the rain)
4. Cut apple or other fruit turning brown when exposed to air
Chemical change examples
1. Silver or copper tarnishing
2. Cooking food
3. Food digesting
4. Food ripening
2. Cooking food
3. Food digesting
4. Food ripening
More chemical change examples
ALL — EXCEPT mercury
Metals that are solid at room temperature
