Science-Evolution Unit 5

Question Answer
What are the 4 stages of evolution? 1.overproduction 2.genetic variation 3.struggle to survive and 4. successful reproduction
What is overproduction? It is when more offspring are produced then will survive to adulthood.
What is genetic variation? It is when all organisms within a population are slightly different from one another.
What is a struggle to survive? It is when organisms compete and the ones with favorable traits survive and reproduce.
What is successful reproduction? It is when organisms that survive will reproduce.
What is mutation? It is a change in the sequence of DNA that cause variations within a species.
What is insecticide resistance? It is when farmers use insecticide- the insects resist and reproduce.
What is adaptation to pollution? It is when organisms change and adapt to pollution in the environment.
What is speciation? It is when two populations become so different that they can no longer interbreed.
What is separation? It is when the portion of the population becomes isolated (earthquake, Pangea, canyons, etc.)
What is adaptation? As the environment changes, so does the population (natural selection is occurring)
What is division? Over millions of generations, 2 groups are now so different that they are no longer the same species.
What is "Survival of the Fittest"? Only organisms with favorable traits will survive and reproduce.
What is extinction? When a species dies out completely because they don't have the resources or adaptations to survive.
What is evolution? The process by which organisms accumulate inherited changes over time.
What do scientists believe? We all share a common ancestor (bacteria)
Who was Charles Darwin? He determined how evolution occurred by studying finches in the Galapagos Islands.
What are adaptations? The characteristics that allow or help an organism to survive and reproduce.
What are examples of adaptations? frog coloring, beak shape, ear size
What do adaptations allow some organisms to do? Some organisms can survive and reproduce at a greater rate than other organisms.
What are fossils? They are solidified (hardened) remains or imprints of once living organisms. Scientists use layers of sediment to determine relative age.
What are vestigial structures? They are the remnants of once useful structures
in organisms.
What shows similarities among organisms? comparing organisms
What are skeletal structures? They are same bone structures. EX: dolphin flipper, bat wing, human arm and a cat leg.
What is DNA? All organisms have it. Many have it with similar codes.
What are embryonic structures? Structures before they are born. EX: chicken, rabbit, human
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