| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Function of bones | Support, Protection, Movement, Storage (of fats, minerals like calcium and phosphorous), Blood Cell Formation |
| Long Bones Ex. |
Shaft with heads at both sides Femur, Tibula, Fibula |
| Short Bones Ex. |
Generally cube-shaped and contain mostly spongy bone Patella |
| Flat bones Ex. |
Thin, flattened, and usually curved Sternum |
| Irregular Bones Ex. |
Vertebrae |
| Epiphysis | the heads of LONG BONES at the ends. Strengthens the joint and provides added surface area for attachment of tendons and ligaments |
| Diaphysis | the shaft of LONG BONES. Composed mainly of compact bone and contains the medullary canal which contains bone marrow |
| Metaphysis | the region of transition from cartilage to bone at the end of the bone |
| Articular Cartilage | smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones where they come together to form joints (helps ease movement together when lubricating fluid secreted between bones) |
| Hyaline Cartilage (Functions) | Eases joint movement Hold airway open Moves vocal cords in speech Precursor of bone in fetal skeleton |
| Hyaline Cartilage (Location) | Ends of bones at joints Costal cartilage of ribs Rings and plates around trachea and bronchi |
| Endosteum | connective tissue lining the medullary cavity. Serves as one of the functional surfaces for bone remodeling |
| Periosteum | completely covers a bone, except in the region of the articular cartilage. Provides strong attachment and continuity from muscle to tendon to bone |
| Compact Bone | (a type of BONE TISSUE) the shell of many bones and surrounds the bone in the center; Dense in texture without cavities (holes) |
| Spongy | (a type of BONE TISSUE) located within the medullary cavity; Named because of its sponge-like structure with numerous cavities |
