| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 functions of bones? | 1. protection 2. storage 3. movement 4. blood cell formation |
| Name the 6 parts of a bone. | 1. periosteum 2. compact bone 3. spongy bone 4. bone marrow 5. cartilage 6. blood vessels |
| What helps bone movement? | 1. joints 2. ligaments |
| Describe how protection is a function of a bone. | Bones protect major organs such as heart, lungs, spinal cord, and brain |
| Describe how storage is a function of a bone. | Bones store minerals for nerves and muscles; Bones store fat for energy use |
| Describe how movement is a function of a bone. | Skeletal muscles move bones to allow you to sit, stand, talk, walk, etc. |
| Describe how blood cell formation is a function of a bone. | Bone marrow creates red blood cells |
| Periosteum | The outside "skin" of the bone. |
| Compact Bone | The outside shell; no open spaces |
| Spongy Bone | The inside layer; many open spaces; provides support and strength |
| Bone Marrow | The soft tissue inside of the bone |
| Red Marrow | Creates red blood cells |
| Yellow Marrow | Stores fat |
| Cartilage | The connective tissue; soft and flexible; cushions joints |
| Name some examples of cartilage. | ear, nose, sternum |
| Blood Vessels | It is inside and outside bone to transport newly formed red blood cells. |
| Joints | The place where two or more bones come together. |
| Sliding Joints | Bones glide over one another. |
| Give examples of sliding joints. | vertebrae, hand |
| Ball and Socket Joints | Bones move freely in all directions. (Think of a joystick) |
| Give examples of Ball and Socket joints. | shoulder, hip |
| Hinge Joints | Bones move in two directions (like a door) |
| Give examples of hinge joints. | elbow, knee |
| Ligaments | Connective tissue that holds two or more bones together at a joint. |
| Strain | A ligament is stretched too far. |
| Torn ligament | Must be replaced with surgery. |
