| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the urinary system? | -a collection of organs that work together to remove wastes from your blood |
| What are the components of the urinary system? (the organs/structures) | -kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra |
| What are kidneys? | -2 bean shaped organs that constantly clean the blood |
| What do the kidneys do? | -they filter about 2000 L of blood per day; blood cycles through the kidneys 350 times per day |
| What are nephrons and what do they do? | -they are microscopic filters in the kidneys that remove wastes (urea) from the blood |
|
What do veins and arteries do? |
-arteries bring oxygen rich blood into the kidney; veins bring clean oxygen poor blood out of the kidneys |
| What are ureters and what do they do? | -they are 2 slender tubes that remove liquid wastes (urine) from the kidneys |
| What does the urinary bladder do? | -it stores liquid wastes (urine) |
| What is the Urethra? | -a small opening in which urine leaves the body from |
| What are 3 ways your body balances water? | -sweat, antidiuretic hormone (ADH), diuretics |
| How does sweat balance the water in your body? | -you lose water in your body because of heat, therefore you make less saliva, which causes you to feel thirsty |
| How do antidiuretic hormones (ADH) balance the water in your body? | -it signals the kidney to take back more water from nephrons to return it to the bloodstream- making less urine |
| How do diuretics balance the water in your body? | -some beverages (caffeinated)cause the kidneys to make more urine, which decreases the amount of water in the blood |
| Name 3 problems in the urinary system. | -bacterial infections, kidney stones,kidney disease |
| What are bacterial infections? | -bacteria in the bladder or ureters; treated with antibiotics |
| What are kidney stones? | -salts and wastes harden into tiny stones and interfere with urine flow; treated with shock waves or "passed" naturally |
| What is kidney disease? | -damage to the nephrons; treated with dialysis-a machine used to artificially filter blood |
| How do the kidneys filter blood? (part 1) | -the artery brings dirty blood into the kidney -blood vessels branch into nephrons -water, glucose, salts, amino acids, and urea are removed from blood (stay in the nephrons) -water goes back into the bloodstream |
| How do the kidneys filter blood? (part 2) | -water goes back into bloodstream -cleaned blood (less water & less waste) leaves kidney through a vein -urine (remaining liquid waste) leaves kidney through 2 ureters -urine is stored in the urinary bladder -urine leaves the body through the urethra |
