| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What do we call the measure of the average kinetic energy of the atoms a substance is made up? | Temperature |
| How else can we describe what temperature is a measure of? | The speed at which a substances atoms move |
| On which scale does water freeze at 32 degrees? | Farenheit |
| On which scale does water freeze at 0 degrees? | Celsius |
| On which scale is Absolute Zero a temperature? | Kelvin |
| What tool is used to measure temperature? | Thermometer |
| What is the relationship between temperature and the speed of the atoms? | As temperature increases, the atoms move faster |
| What do we call the process that causes atoms to spread farther apart when heated? | Thermal Expansion |
| Which matter is the exception and will expand when it is cooled? | Water |
| What is absolute zero? | The lowest temperature on the Kelvin scale that represents particles with no kinetic energy. |
| What is the transfer of energy between objects that are at different temperatures called? | Heat |
| What is the direction of heat flow? | Warm –> Cool |
| What is the total kinetic energy of all the particles that make up an object? | Thermal Energy |
| Which has more thermal energy, a cup of water at 70 degrees Celsius or a lake at 70 degree celsius? | Lake (more atoms = more thermal energy) |
| What are 3 things that could happen when heat is added or removed from matter? | 1.expand 2.contract3.change state |
| Why do materials expand when their temperatures increase? | Its molecules speed up and move farther apart. |
| Why do materials contract when their temperatures decrease? | Its molecules slow down and move closer together. |
| What is the transfer of energy through matter or space as electromagnetic waves? | Radiation |
| What is the transfer of energy from one substance to another through direct contact? | Conduction |
| What is the transfer energy by the repeated rising and sinking of fluids called? | Convection |
| When heat is transferred by the actual movement of the warmed matter, it is called . . . ? | Convection |
| Which phase(s) of matter conducts thermal energy the best? | Solids |
| Which phase(s) of matter will allow thermal energy to be transferred by convection? | Fluids (liquids and gases) |
| Which method of heat transfer can move thermal energy through space (where there are no atoms)? | Radiation |
| Which method of heat transfer relies on density? | Convection |
| Why does heated matter rise? | Because it is less dense than the surrounding matter. |
| Why does cooled matter sink? | Because it is more dense than the surrounding matter. |
| What do we call matter that allows thermal energy to easily pass through? | Conductors |
| What do we call matter that allows little or no thermal energy to pass through? | Insulators |
| How is radiation different from conduction and convection? | Radiation does not need matter in order to transfer heat, convection and conduction do. |
| Why does conduction occur easily in solids? | The atoms and molecules are close to one another |
| Is it better to have heating vents at the floor in your house rather than near the ceiling? Explain | Near the floor because hot air rises |
| What does thermal energy depend on? | Mass (the NUMBER of atoms) |
| What does temperature depend on? | Speed |
| What is needed in order for a phase change to occur? | Change in Temperature or Heat |
| What do you call phase changes that absorb heat energy? | Endothermic |
| What do you call phase changes that release heat energy? | Exothermic |
| Which phase changes are always endothermic? | Evaporation and Melting |
| Which phase changes are always exothermic? | Freezing and Condensation |
| During which phase changes do the atoms always move closer together and slow down? | Freezing and Condensation |
| During which phase changes do the atoms always move farther apart and speed up? | Melting and Evaporation |
| What do we call a change in phase from liquid to solid? | Freezing |
| What do we call a change in phase from solid to gas or gas to solid? | Sublimation |
| What do we call a change in phase from gas to liquid? | Condensation |
| What do we call a change in phase from liquid to gas? | Evaporation |
| What do we call a phase change from solid to liquid? | Melting |
| Clouds are an example of…? | Condensation |
| Frost is an example of…? | Sublimation |
| The temperature at which a liquid turns to a solid is called matters…? | Freezing Point |
| The temperature at which a solid turns to a liquid is called matters….? | Melting Point |
| The temperature at which a liquid turns to a gas is called matters…? | Boiling Point |
| What is the freeing and melting point of water? | 0 degrees Celsius |
| What is the boiling point of water? | 100 degrees Celsius |
| Which 2 phase changes occur at the same temperature? | 1) Evaporation & Condensation 2) melting & Freezing |
| Where does boiling happen? | At the bottom of the liquid |
| Where does evaporation happen? | At the surface of the liquid |
| What is meant by states of matter? | Form (or phases) |
| hat are the 3 main states of matter? | Solid Liquid Gas |
| What state of matter has a definite shape AND definite volume? | Solid |
| What state of matter has an indefinite shape AND definite volume? | liquid |
| What state(s) of matter has an indefinite shape AND and indefinite volume? | Plasma and Gas |
| Which state(s) of matter take the shape of their container? | Gas and Liquid |
| Which states of matter have a definite volume? | Solid and Liquid |
| Which state of matter is made up of electrically charged particles? | Plasma |
| Rocks, bones and wood all represent… | Solids |
| Stars, lightening and the northern lights all represent: | Plasma |
| Water, Iced tea and Maple Syrup all represent: | Liquids |
| Helium, oxygen and carbon dioxide all represent: | Gases |
| Which state(s) of matter are made up of atoms that are VERY tightly packed and that vibrate in their fixed position? | Solids |
| Which state(s) of matter are made up of atoms that can flow over and under one another? | Liquids and gases |
| Which state of matter is always found at the lowest temperatures? | Solids |
| Which states of matter is made up of atoms that are the least dense? | Gas |
