Term |
Definition |
*Matter |
Anything that has mass and takes up space. |
Mass |
The material that matter is made up of. |
Volume |
How much room/space matter takes up |
Density
|
D = mass divided by volume The amount of material/stuff matter takes up within a specific space. |
*Atom |
The smallest part on an element, The building blocks of all matter. |
*Electron |
The particle of an atom that surrounds the nucleus with a negative charge and attractive force that allows it to band with other atoms creating everything in the universe. |
*Proton |
A particle of an atom with a positive charge found inside the nucleus. |
*Neutron |
A particle of an atom with no charge found inside the nucleus along with the proton |
*Periodic Table |
A large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties. |
*Element |
A substance that can't be broken down / they make up all matter in the universe. |
*Periods/Rows |
Rows that tell you how many energy levels each element has for the electrons to move around. |
*Groups or family/columns |
Columns that tell how many valance electrons each element has |
*Valance electrons |
The electrons move in the outer shell of an atom |
*Atomic number |
How many protons and neutrons are inside the nucleus |
*Atomic Mass |
The measurement of the mass for an elements atoms |
*Chemical Property |
The ability of substances to combine with one another forming new and different compounds and molecules |
*Physical Property |
The state of matter and appearance of a substance |
Ionic Bond |
when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
Covalent Bond |
when elements share electrons during bonding |
*Chemical change/reaction |
Elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change |
*Compound/molecule |
Two or more elements combine together creating a whole, new and different substance |
*Mixture |
Two or more substances mixed together keeping their original properties |
*Nobel Gasses |
All of the elements in Group #18~ they have 8 electrons in their outer shell and are the most stable |
*Halogens |
All of the elements in Group #17~ they have 7 balance electrons and are very reactive bonding easily with elements in Group #1 |
*Alkali Metals |
All of the elements in Group #1~they only have one valance electron so they are very reactive |
Metalloids |
They have 3-7 valance electrons. Elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way |
*Endothermic |
Chemical reaction that absorbs thermal energy. |
Exothermic |
The production cold. |