| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | anything that takes up space and and has mass |
| mass | the material/ stuff that matter is made of – it can be measured |
| space/volume | specific area/place that matter takes up |
| density | D=m/v the amount of mass in an specific volume of space |
| atom | smallest part of an element , the building blocks of matter |
| electron | particle of an atom with a negative change , moves around the nucleus and has an attractive force that allows it to bond with other atoms creating everything in the universe |
| proton | particle of an atom with a positive charge located inside the nucleus. |
| neutron | particle of an atom with a neutral / no charge inside the nucleus along with the proton |
| Periodic Table | large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties |
| Element | the simplest substances that cannot broken down / they make up all of matter in the universe |
| Period Rows | rows that tell how energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around |
| Groups or family columns | columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has/ the number of electrons that can move on it's outer shell/ energy level |
| Valence electrons | the electrons that move on the outer shell/ energy level of an atom. |
| Atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus/ usually is same number of neutrons and electrons. |
| Atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for an elements atoms |
| chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with one another forming new and different compounds |
| physical property | the state of matter and appearance of a substance |
| ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
| covalent bond | when elements share electrons during bonding |
| chemical/reaction | elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change |
| compound/molecule | two or more elements combine together specific ratio/ pattern creating a whole new, and different substancees |
| mixtures | two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties, they do not change into a whole new substance/ compound. |
| Noble gases | all of the elements in group #18 they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell. |
