| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space. |
| Mass | The material that matter is made up of. |
| Volume | How much room/space matter takes up |
| Density | D= m/v the amount of material/stuff matter takes up within a specific shape. |
| Atom | Smallest part if an element, the building blocks of all matter. |
| Electron | Particle of an atom that surrounds the nucleus |
| Proton | Particle of an atom with a positive charge located inside the nucleus. |
| Neut | Particle of an atom with a neutral/ no charge located inside the nucleus along with the proton. |
| Periodic Table | Large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties. |
| Element | The simplest substances that cannot be broken down / they make up all matter in the universe. |
| Periods/ Rows | Rows that tell and say how many energy levels needed for what each element has for the electrons to move around. |
| Groups or Family or/ Columns | Groups or columns that tell how many valence electrons that an element owns/ the number of electrons that can move around to the outer shell/ energy level. |
| Valence electrons | The electrons that move on the outer shell / energy level of an atom. |
| Atomic number | How many protons an element has inside the nucleus / usually is same number of neutrons and electrons. |
| Atomic Mass | The measurement of the mass for an elements atoms. |
| Chemical Property | When substances combine with one another forming new and different compounds and molecules. |
| Physical Property | The apperence of a object, and the state of matter of a substance. |
| Iconic Bond | When elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding. |
| Covalent Bond | When elements share electrons during bonding. |
| Chemical Change/ reaction | Elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change. |
| Compound/ Molecule | Two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/pattern creating a whole, new and different substance. |
| Mixture | Two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties, they do NOT change into a whole new substance/ compound. |
| Nobel Gases | All of the elements in Group #18- they are the most stable elements because they have 8 electrons in their outer shell. |
| Halogens | All of the elements in group #17- they are very reactive bonding easily with elements in group 1 because they have seven valence electrons and want to be stable. |
| Alkali Metals | All of the elements in group 1- they are very reactive because they have only one valence electron. |
| Metalloids | Elements between metals and non-metal that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons. |
