Term |
Definition |
Matter |
anything that has mass and takes up space |
mass |
material that is made up of matter |
volume |
how much space matter takes up |
density |
the amount of material that takes up space |
atom |
the building blocks of matter and the smallest part of an element |
electron |
particle of the atom the surrounds the nucleus and has attractive forces with other atoms and has a negative and positive charge |
proton |
a positive electric charge equal to that of an electron, but of opposite sign |
neutron |
part of an atom found in the nucleus and has a negative charge |
periodic table
|
a grid that groups and classify the elements into columns by their chemical and physical properties |
period/rows
|
periods tell how many energy levels are around the nucleus and the columns tell us how many atoms are in the energy level
|
groups/columns |
the number of electrons that can move out of their outer shell and their energy levels |
valence electrons |
its the energy level of atoms and electrons that move out of the outer shell |
atomic number |
same number of neutrons and electrons |
atomic mass |
the measurement of the mass for atoms in an element |
chemical property |
the ability of substances to combine with each other creating a new molecule and compound |
physical property |
the appearance of a substance and its state of matter |
ionic bond |
elements lose or gain an electron during bonding |
covalent bond |
elements share electrons during bonding |
chemical bonding/reaction |
a type of reaction and change and were elements bond together through attractive force |
compound/molecule |
elements combined together in a specific pattern creating new substances |
mixture |
is when two or more things combine keeping the original form |
Nobel gases |
they have 18 electrons in their outer shell |
halogens |
they bond easily with other elements and they are stable |
alkali metals |
they are very reactive and they only have one valence electrons |
metalloids |
elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence electrons |