| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| matter | anything that takes up space and has mass |
| mass | the material that matter is made up of |
| volume | how much room/space matter takes up |
| density | D=m/v the amount of material/stuff matter takes up within a specific space |
| atom | smallest part of an element, the building blocks of matter |
| elements | particle of an atom that surrounds the nucleus, it has a negative charge and attractive force to bond with other atoms |
| proton | particle of an atoms that positive charge located in the nucleus |
| neutron | particle of an atom with a neutral/ no change located inside the nucleus along with the proton |
| periodic table | large grid that identifies and classifies all of the elements by their chemical and physical properties |
| element | the simplest substances that cannot be broke down/ they make up all matter in the universe |
| period/rows | rows that tell how many energy levels each elements has for the electrons to move around |
| groups or family/colums | columns that tell how many valence each element has/ the number of electrons that can move on its outer shell/ energy level |
| valence electrons | the electrons that move on the outer shell/ energy level of an atom |
| atomic number | how many protons an element has inside the nucleus/ usually is the same number of neutrons and electrons |
| atomic mass | the measurement of the mass for an elements aatoms |
| chemical property | the ability of substances to combine with one another forming new and different compounds and molecules |
| physical property | the state of matter and appearances of a substance |
| ionic bond | when elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
| covalent | when elements share electrons during bonding |
| chemical change/ reaction | elements bond together the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reactions and change |
| compound/molecule | two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/ pattern creating a whole, new and diffrent substance |
| mixture | two or more substances combine together keeping their original properties the do NOT change into a new substance/ compunnd |
| Nobel gases | they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell |
| haogens | they are very reactive bonding easily with elements because they have seven valence electrons and want t be stable |
| alkali metals | they are very reactive because they have only one valence electron |
| metalloids | elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3–7 valance electrons |
