| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Matter | Anything that has mass and takes up space |
| Mass | The material that matter is made up of |
| Volume | How much volume matter takes up |
| Density | D=m/v The amount of material stuff matter takes up within a specific space |
| Atom | The smallest part of an element. The reason for the building blocks all matter. |
| Electron | The negative charge of an atom. Moves around the nucleus and has an attractive force that allows it to bond. |
| Proton | The positive charge of an atom. |
| Periodic Table | A large grid that identifies the all of the elements and their physical and chemical changes. |
| Elements | The simple substances that cannot be broken down. |
| Periods/rows | Rows that tell how many energy levels each element has for an electron to move around. |
| Groups of family/ columns | Columns that tell how many valence electrons each element has. |
| Valence Electrons | The electrons that move on the outer shell. |
| Atomic Number | How many protons and electrons an element has inside the nucleus. |
| Atomic Mass | The measurement of the mass for an elements atoms |
| Chemical Properties | The ability of substances to combine with one another another forming new and different compounds and molecules |
| Physical Property | The state of matter and appearance of a substance |
| Ionic Bond | When elements either lose or gain an electron during bonding |
| Covalent Bond | When elements share electrons during bonding |
| Chemical Change/ Reaction | Elements bond together through the attractive force of electrons creating some type of reaction and change |
| Compound/ Molecule | Two or more elements combine together in a specific ratio/ pattern creating some type of reaction together |
| Mixture | Two or more substances combined together keeping their original properties, they do NOT change into a new substance/ compound |
| Nobel Gases | All of the elements in Group 18- they are the most stable elements because they have eight electrons in their outer shell |
| Halogens | All of the elements in Group 17- they are very reactive bonding easily with elements in Group 1 because they have seven valence electrons and want to be stable |
| Alkali Metals | All of the elements in Group 1- they are very reactive because they have only one valence electron |
| Metalloids | Elements between metals and non-metals that can react either way, they have 3-7 valence eletrons |
