Vocabulary of matter and elements

Term Definition
Matter anything that has mass and takes up space
Mass the material that matter is made of
Volume how much room/space matter takes up
Density D = m/v the amount of material /stuff matter takes up within a specific space
Atom smallest part of an element, the building blocks of all matter
Electron particle of an atom that surrounds the nucleus, it has a negative charge and attractive force to bond with other atoms
Proton particle of an atoms the positive charge located in the nucleus
Neutron particle of an atom the has a neutral / no charge in nucleus and along with proton
Periodic Table large table that shows what all elements are and their chemical and physical properties
Element simplest substance that makes up everything and cannot be broken down
Period/Row how many energy levels has for the electrons to move around for each electron
Group or Family/Columns how many valence electrons each element has/ the # of electron to move in outer shell/energy level
Valence Electrons electrons that move around in outer shell / energy level of an atom
Atomic # # of protons inside the nucleus / normally same # of neutrons and electrons
Atomic mass mass for an elements atoms
Chemical property substances that combine to create a new substance / compounds and molecules
Physical property change in state or appearance
Ionic bond element's lose or gain a electron during bonding
Covalent bond elements share electrons during bonding
Compound / molecule 2 or more combine together in a specific ratio / pattern creating a whole new substance and different
Mixture 2 or more substances combined but do not change into a whole new substance
Nobel Gas all elements in group have # 18 most stable elements because they have 8 electrons in their outer shell
Halogens all elements in group #17 are very reactive bounding with the elements in group #1 because of the seven valence electrons and they want to be stable
Alkali metals all elements in group #1 are very reactive because they only have 1 valence electron
Metalloids elements between metals and non metals that can react either way they have only one valence electron
Chemical change / reaction elements bound through the attractive force of electrons creating reaction / change
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